太极拳运动对老年原发性高血压患者的影响研究进展

Research Advances in the Effects of Tai Chi Practice on Elderly Individuals with Essential Hypertension

摘要: 原发性高血压是老年群体中常见的慢性心血管疾病，是引发冠心病、脑卒中以及心、肾功能衰竭的重要危险因素之一。近年来，其发病呈现年轻化趋势，心脑血管疾病的发病率和死亡率显著上升，引起了社会的广泛关注。目前，西药降压治疗虽然能够有效控制血压，但其长期使用可能伴随头晕、乏力、电解质紊乱等不良反应，且部分药物价格较高，增加了患者的经济负担。此外，长期用药还可能导致耐药性，影响治疗效果。中医传统功法太极拳作为一种温和的有氧运动不仅有助于增强体质、改善血液循环，还能调节自主神经功能和降低交感神经兴奋性，从而有助于高血压的预防和治疗。本文通过综述近年来关于中医传统功法太极拳在原发性高血压治疗中的应用研究，为临床推广应用传统功法治疗高血压提供理论依据。

Abstract: Essential hypertension, a prevalent chronic cardiovascular disorder among the elderly, is one of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease, stroke, and cardiorenal failure. In recent years, its onset has shown a trend of rejuvenation, and the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have increased significantly, which has aroused widespread concern in the society. At present, although western drug antihypertensive treatment can effectively control blood pressure, its long-term use may be accompanied by dizziness, fatigue, electrolyte disorders and other adverse reactions, and some of the drugs are more expensive, which increases the economic burden of patients. In addition, long-term use of drugs may also lead to drug resistance, affecting the therapeutic effect. Traditional Chinese medicine Tai Chi, as a kind of mild aerobic exercise, not only helps to enhance physical fitness and improve blood circulation, but also regulates the function of autonomic nerves and reduces the excitability of sympathetic nerves, which can help the prevention and treatment of hypertension. By reviewing the research on the application of traditional Chinese medicine Tai Chi in the treatment of essential hypertension in recent years, this paper provides a theoretical basis for the clinical promotion of the application of traditional Tai Chi in the treatment of hypertension.