跨境电商数据流动的规制逻辑与动态治理

Regulation Logic and Dynamic Governance of Cross-Border E-Commerce Data Flow

摘要: 随着数字经济与全球化的深度发展，跨境电商作为数字贸易的核心形态，其数据流动的规制逻辑与治理体系构建已成为国际经贸规则重构与国家安全博弈的关键场域。本文首先梳理了跨境电商数据流动的规制的三个逻辑，即安全逻辑、权益逻辑和发展逻辑。在此基础上，分析了跨境电商数据流动在数据治理层面面临着分类模糊、管辖规则碎片化与场景失配，在管辖权方面面临管辖权竞合、责任模糊与救济不畅等诸多挑战，并进一步提出构建分层分类的数据治理体系、创新多元主体协同治理机制等路径，以期推动我国跨境电商在数字经济领域持续高质量发展。

Abstract: With the deep development of digital economy and globalization, cross-border e-commerce, as the core form of digital trade, has become a key arena for the reconstruction of international economic and trade rules and national security competition. This paper first sorts out three logical frameworks for the regulation of cross-border e-commerce data flow: security logic, rights and interests logic, and development logic. On this basis, it analyzes that at the level of data governance, cross-border e-commerce data flow faces challenges such as unclear classification, fragmented jurisdictional rules, and mismatched scenarios; in terms of jurisdiction, there are issues such as overlapping jurisdictions, blurred responsibilities, and inadequate relief. The paper further proposes to build a hierarchical and classified data governance system and innovate collaborative governance mechanisms among multiple subjects, with the aim of promoting the sustained and high-quality development of China’s cross-border e-commerce in the field of digital economy.