基于文献计量学的大气汞污染变化历史研究
A Bibliometric Analysis of Historical Changes in Atmospheric Mercury Pollution
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2025.157114, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 杨诗宇, 李金建：成都信息工程大学大气科学学院，四川 成都
关键词: 汞污染；文献计量学；可视化分析；Mercury Pollution； Bibliometrics； Visual Analysis
摘要: 汞作为环境中重要的剧毒重金属元素之一，其分布和传输过程在全球各地都受到大量关注。为了厘清历史时期大气汞污染研究情况，本文从文献计量学的角度出发，采用中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science (WOS)数据库作为数据来源，通过CiteSpace与VOSviewer等软件进行可视化分析，对大气汞污染变化历史进行研究，结果表明：1) 2000~2024年国际大气汞污染历史研究呈现显著增长，而国内研究发文量仅6篇，与国际关注度差距明显。2) 各研究团队内部形成了较紧密的合作关系，同时在外部也与其他团队有一定的交流与合作。3) 研究热点呈现阶段性演变：2008~2012年聚焦于汞积累机制与监测，2013~2017年转向沉积过程解析，2018年至今深化至污染源识别、汞形态转化及历史重建技术。4) 关键词突现分析表明，“排放”与“冰芯”为未来重点方向，矿区活动、跨介质协同研究成为新兴增长点。5) 全球树轮汞记录揭示工业革命后大气汞负荷增长2~3倍，其污染源从自然主导转向矿场与化石燃料排放，区域异质性下森林系统通过苔藓–凋落物–土壤垂直梯度形成关键汞汇。
Abstract: Mercury, as one of the critically toxic heavy metal elements in the environment, has garnered significant global attention regarding its distribution and transport processes. To elucidate historical atmospheric mercury pollution, this study utilized the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) databases as data sources. Visual analysis was conducted using software tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer to investigate historical variations in atmospheric mercury pollution. The results indicate that: (1) International research on atmospheric mercury pollution history showed significant growth from 2000 to 2024, while domestic studies in China yielded only six publications, highlighting a notable disparity in global academic attention. (2) Collaborative networks revealed close intra-team partnerships and interdisciplinary cross-team interactions across specialized subfields. (3) Research hotspots evolved in distinct phases: the initial phase (2008–2012) focused on mercury accumulation mechanisms and monitoring methods; the intermediate phase (2013-2017) shifted to analyzing deposition processes; and the later phase (2018-present) deepened investigations into pollution source identification (e.g., chlor-alkali plants, smelting zones), mercury speciation transformation, and historical reconstruction techniques. (4) Keyword burst analysis identified "emissions" and "ice cores" (persisting until 2024) as critical future directions, with mining activities and cross-media comparative studies (tree rings, ice cores, sediments) emerging as new research frontiers. Enhanced international collaboration and integration of pollution source tracing with multi-media environmental records are recommended to advance global mercury pollution governance. (5) Global tree-ring mercury records demonstrate a two- to threefold increase in atmospheric mercury burden post-Industrial Revolution, with dominant pollution sources transitioning from natural origins to mining and fossil fuel emissions. Forest ecosystems, exhibiting regional heterogeneity, act as critical mercury sinks through vertically stratified mercury accumulation in moss-litter-soil systems.
文章引用：杨诗宇, 李金建. 基于文献计量学的大气汞污染变化历史研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(7): 1012-1023. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2025.157114

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