探析汉语“吃”字开头短语的维译方法

Exploring the Method of Translating the Opening Phrase of the Chinese Character “Eat”

摘要: 本文旨在探讨汉语动词“吃”的词汇意义及以“吃”字开头构成的短语、成语在维吾尔语中的翻译。通过对语料的收集与分类，分析汉语“吃”字开头短语原型义和其他衍生义项的特点，结合维吾尔语的表达习惯，提出了一些翻译方法和翻译建议。研究发现，汉语“吃”字原型义衍生出八种义项，在翻译成维吾尔语时可以用“直译加音译”、“直译加意译”等四种方法，建议从文化适配、语义解析和句法重构三层面突破直译局限，尤其注重维吾尔语表达习惯与汉语隐喻的有机转换。

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the lexical meaning of the Chinese verb “eat” and the translation of phrases and idioms starting with the word “eat” in Uyghur. Through the collection and classification of corpus, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the original meaning of the beginning phrase of the Chinese character “eat” and other derived meanings, and puts forward some translation methods and suggestions based on the expression habits of Uygur language. The study found that the original meaning of the Chinese word “eat” was derived from eight meanings, and four methods such as “literal translation plus transliteration” and “literal translation plus paraphrase” could be used to break through the limitations of literal translation from the three levels of cultural adaptation, semantic analysis and syntactic reconstruction, especially focusing on the organic transformation of Uyghur expression habits and Chinese metaphors.