化肥深施在玉米上的应用效果研究

Study on the Application Effect of Deep Application of Chemical Fertilizer on Corn

摘要: 通过正规的田间小区试验，研究了化肥深施在湖北利川二高山(海拔1100 m左右)玉米种植上的应用效果。试验结果表明，将化肥深施到土壤表层下15~20 cm，比习惯浅施于表层下5 cm左右化肥用量可减少20%，亩节约肥料成本30元以上、增加收入超过50元，实现了化肥减量、节本增效的目标；从不同缺素处理结果看，在利川玉米种植上肥料效应氮 > 钾 > 磷，三要素交互效应氮磷钾 > 氮钾 > 氮磷 > 磷钾。

Abstract: Through formal field trials, the application effect of deep application of chemical fertilizers on maize planting in the two high mountains of Lichuan, Hubei Province (at an altitude of about 1100 m) was studied. The experimental results showed that applying fertilizer deeply to the soil surface 15~20 cm below can reduce the amount of fertilizer used by 20% compared to the usual shallow application of about 5 cm below the surface, saving fertilizer costs of more than 30 yuan per mu and increasing income by more than 50 yuan, achieving the goal of reducing fertilizer usage, saving costs, and increasing efficiency; From the results of different nutrient deficiency treatments, it can be seen that in the cultivation of corn in Lichuan, the three elements of fertilizer have the effect of nitrogen > potassium > phosphorus, and the interaction effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium > nitrogen and potassium > nitrogen and phosphorus > phosphorus and potassium.