基于《欧洲示范民法典草案》第III-509条论合同解除的效力

On the Effectiveness of Contract Termination Based on Article III-509 of the “Draft European Model Civil Code”

摘要: 在欧洲统一大市场和欧洲一体化形成过程中，欧洲私法一体化受到学界和司法实践的高度重视，制定统一《民法典》的呼声越来越高，在此基础上，2009年《欧洲示范民法典草案》(DCFR)应运而生。笔者在学习中国大陆的《物权法》教材以及《欧洲示范民法典》的有关规定时，发现本国《物权法》教科书中存在对DCFR合同解除效力规定的极大误解，因此误判了DCFR基于法律行为的物权变动模式。DCFR对于合同解除效力采“清算说”的制度设计，而非是“直接效力说”，澄清此点，对于法科生学习《中华人民共和国民法典》第566条以及深入了解DCFR的规范设计有重要的意义。

Abstract: In the process of the formation of the unified European market and European integration, the integration of European private law has received high attention from academia and judicial practice, and the call for the development of a unified Civil Code has been increasing. Based on this, the 2009 “Draft of the European Model Civil Code” (DCFR) was born. When studying the textbook of “Property Law” in Chinese Mainland and the relevant provisions of the “European Model Civil Code”, the author found that there was a great misunderstanding of the provisions on the effectiveness of the dissolution of the DCFR contract in the textbook of “Property Law” in China, so he misjudged the DCFR model of property change based on legal acts. DCFR adopts the system design of “liquidation theory” for the effectiveness of contract termination, rather than the “direct effectiveness theory”. Clarifying this point is of great significance for law students to study Article 566 of the “Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China” and to gain a deeper understanding of the normative design of DCFR.