基于脑电的虚拟现实正念技术对负性情绪的干预效果研究

A Study on the Intervention Effects of Brain-Electroencephalography-Based Virtual Reality Mindfulness Technology on Negative Emotion

摘要: 目的：虚拟现实(VR)技术与正念训练技术结合，作为新型干预技术对大学生焦虑抑郁情绪进行干预，评估新型虚拟现实疗法(VRT)的效果。方法：2024年9月由华北理工大学的50名本科学生完成了焦虑量表(GAD-7)、抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、压力感知量表(PSS-10)，符合入组标准者44名，并将其随机分为两组。一组接受基于正念的虚拟现实疗法(VRT)，另一组接受传统正念认知疗法(MBTI)。使用SPSS 26.0分析数据。结果：干预8周后VRT组被试的PHQ-9、GAD-7量表的得分以及总分和干预前比较，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.001)；干预8周后MBTI组被试的PHQ-9、GAD-7量表的得分以及总分和干预前比较，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。对两组被试干预8周后的PHQ-9、GAD-7量表的得分、总分及前后得分差值进行比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.001)，VRT组患者的焦虑抑郁前后得分的差值显著低于MBTI组(P < 0.05)。两组的焦虑抑郁问题均得到了明显的改善(P < 0.001)，此外VRT在改善焦虑抑郁方面的有效性明显高于MBTI (P < 0.001)。结论：根据研究结果，焦虑抑郁的正念认知疗法和基于正念的虚拟现实疗法均有效地改善了大学生的焦虑抑郁问题。但在改善焦虑抑郁效率上，VRT的干预效果优于MBTI。

Abstract: Objective: To combine Virtual Reality (VR) technology with psychological relaxation training as a novel intervention technique to address anxiety and depression among college students, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the new Virtual Reality Relaxation Intervention Technique (VRT). Methods: In September 2024, 50 undergraduate students from North China University of Science and Technology completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Among them, 44 students met the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups. One group received mindfulness-based Virtual Reality Therapy (VRT), while the other group received traditional Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBTI). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, the scores of the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and total scores in the VRT group showed statistically significant differences compared to pre-intervention scores (P < 0.05). Similarly, the MBTI group also showed statistically significant differences in PHQ-9, GAD-7, and total scores after 8 weeks of intervention compared to pre-intervention scores (P < 0.05). However, when comparing the post-intervention scores, total scores, and score differences between the two groups, no statistically significant differences were found (P > 0.05). The reduction in anxiety and depression scores in the VRT group was significantly greater than that in the MBTI group (P < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvement in anxiety and depression issues (P < 0.05), and VRT was significantly more effective than MBTI in alleviating anxiety and depression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the study results, both Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and mindfulness-based Virtual Reality Therapy effectively improved anxiety and depression issues among college students. However, in terms of the efficiency of alleviating anxiety and depression, the intervention effect of VRT was superior to that of MBTI.