数字经济时代下的电商平台管理义务探析

Analysis of E-Commerce Platforms’ Management Obligations in the Digital Economy Era

摘要: 随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，电商平台已成为商品和服务交易的重要渠道，作为连接消费者与商家的核心枢纽，其管理义务问题一时间成为了学界与实务界的关注焦点。本文立足《电子商务法》及相关政策框架，并结合国内电商平台监管实践，试图分析电商平台在商家及资质审核、交易数据保存义务、交易安全保障等维度的义务范围，探求其法律责任的划分难点与动态平衡机制，以期待为数字经济时代下的电商平台合规化发展提供理论支持与实践建议。本文研究发现，厘清数字经济时代下的电商平台管理义务应遵循“合理必要”原则，需要通过完善法律法规、强化技术赋能、推动多元共治的综合治理方式构建电商平台的管理义务体系，并最终实现电商平台的权责平衡。

Abstract: With the vigorous development of the digital economy, e-commerce platforms have become crucial channels for the transaction of goods and services. As core hubs connecting consumers and merchants, the issue of their management obligations has emerged as a focal point in both academic and practical circles. Grounded in the E-Commerce Law and relevant policy frameworks, and drawing upon domestic regulatory practices for e-commerce platforms, this paper analyzes the scope of obligations of e-commerce platforms across dimensions such as merchant and qualification reviews, transaction data retention obligations, and transaction security safeguards. It explores the difficulties in delineating their legal responsibilities and mechanisms for achieving dynamic balance, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical recommendations for the compliant development of e-commerce platforms in the digital economy era. The study finds that clarifying the management obligations of e-commerce platforms in the digital age should adhere to the principle of “reasonable and necessary.” This requires constructing a management obligation system through comprehensive governance approaches, including improving laws and regulations, strengthening technological empowerment, and promoting multi-party governance, ultimately achieving a balance of rights and responsibilities for e-commerce platforms.