基于腹式呼吸训练的非特异性腰背痛患者疼痛管理策略及临床效果分析

Analysis of Pain Management Strategies and Clinical Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing Training in Patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain

摘要: 目的：选取非特异性腰背痛患者作为研究样本并进行研究，旨在探讨腹式呼吸训练的应用效果。方法：非特异性腰背痛患者62例为研究所选样本类型，来源及时间：乌鲁木齐市友谊医院，2023年9月至2024年9月，随机均分成对照组、观察组，分别应用传统腰背肌功能训练、传统腰背肌功能训练联合腹式呼吸训练。比较两组相关指标。结果：干预后，两组NRS评分随时间降低、JOA评分升高，通过组间的比较，观察组NRS评分更低、JOA评分更高(P < 0.05)。干预2个月后，观察组生活质量评分更高，HAMA、HAMD、FABQ评分更低(P < 0.05)。结论：腹式呼吸训练可减轻非特异性腰背痛保守治疗患者疼痛程度，改善腰椎功能，缓解不良心理状态，综合提高生活质量，整体方案可行。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the application effect of diaphragmatic breathing training by selecting pa-tients with nonspecific low back pain as the research sample. Method: 62 patients with non-specific low back pain were selected as the sample type for the study. The source and time were from Urumqi Friendship Hospital from September 2023 to September 2024. They were randomly divid-ed into a control group and an observation group, and were treated with traditional low back mus-cle function training and traditional low back muscle function training combined with abdominal breathing training, respectively. Compare two sets of related indicators. Results: It showed that the NRS scores of the two groups after 1 month and 2 months of intervention gradually decreased com-pared to before intervention, while the JOA scores gradually increased. Following 1 month and 2 months of intervention, the NRS scores of the observation group were lower compared to the control group, yet the JOA scores were higher (P < 0.05). Post 2-month intervention, the observation group’s quality-of-life scores surpassed those of the control group, while its HAMA, HAMD, and FABQ scores were lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Abdominal breathing training can alleviate the pain level of nonspecific low back pain in conservative treatment patients, improve lumbar function, alleviate adverse psychological states, and comprehensively improve the quality of life. The overall plan is feasible.