基于CiteSpace的中国农田土壤重金属研究热点演化分析

Evolutionary Analysis of Research Hotspots on Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil in China Based on CiteSpace

摘要: 随着工业化、城市化和农业集约化的加速，农田土壤重金属污染已成为威胁全球粮食安全和生态安全的重大环境问题。为研究农田土壤重金属的研究热点及演变情况，研究人员检索了2005年1月1日至2025年4月25日在中国知网(CNKI)上发表的相关文献，并使用CiteSpace对收集到的文献进行可视化分析，绘制知识图谱以揭示研究热点的变化模式和发展趋势。基于绘制的图谱，他们进一步探究了核心作者和机构、关键词演变路径等。结果表明，自2005年以来，关于农田土壤重金属的研究数量显著增加，形成了“重金属”、“农田土壤”、“污染评估”等热门关键词，反映出研究热度与国家粮食安全战略以及农业用地污染风险管理需求之间的紧密联系。其中，核心研究力量集中在诸如中国科学院大学、中国环境科学研究院以及部分高校等机构。关键词聚类也表明，有关“风险评估”、“土壤污染”和“重金属污染”的研究较多，研究重点已逐渐从最初的分析评估转向对重金属污染的深入研究，不断细化环境研究。然而，当前研究仍存在不足：一是重金属阈值体系尚不完善；二是技术应用仍局限于小规模实验。因此，未来有必要加强跨学科融合，将人工智能融入地理信息系统技术，构建“风险预警–精准修复–标准制定”的全链条防治体系，以支撑国家土壤安全和农业可持续发展，并增强技术支撑。

Abstract: With the acceleration of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural intensification, heavy metal pollution in farmland soil has become a major environmental problem threatening global food security and ecological security. To study the research hotspots and evolution of heavy metals in farmland soil, researchers retrieved relevant literature published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from January 1, 2005 to April 25, 2025, and conducted a visual analysis of the collected literature using CiteSpace. Draw a knowledge graph to reveal the changing patterns and development trends of research hotspots. Based on the drawn map, they further explored the core authors and institutions, the evolution paths of keywords, etc. The results show that since 2005, the number of studies on heavy metals in farmland soil has significantly increased, forming popular keywords such as “heavy metals”, “farmland soil”, and “pollution assessment”, reflecting the close connection between research popularity and the national food security strategy as well as the demand for agricultural land pollution risk management. Among them, the core research forces are concentrated in institutions such as the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, and some universities. Keyword clustering also indicates that there are more studies on “risk assessment”, “soil pollution” and “heavy metal pollution”. The research focus has gradually shifted from the initial analysis and assessment to in-depth research on heavy metal pollution, continuously refining environmental research. However, the current research still has deficiencies: First, the threshold system for heavy metals is not yet perfect; Second, the application of technology is still limited to small-scale experiments. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary to enhance interdisciplinary integration, incorporate artificial intelligence into geographic information system technology, and build a full-chain prevention and control system of “risk early warning-precise remediation-standard setting” to support national soil security and sustainable agricultural development, and enhance technical support.