吉林省水资源可持续利用的水足迹模型分析

Analysis of Water Footprint Model for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in Jilin Province

摘要: 伴随现代化进程的加快，城市人口规模不断扩大，对水资源的需求日益增加。水资源紧张已不再是少数缺水地区所面临的问题，正逐渐成为全国城市发展过程中的共性问题。水足迹理论使得水资源逐渐变得社会化，从过往只对资源进行研究的角度逐步拓展到了社会经济领域，为研究水资源可持续发展不断提供新思路。本研究从吉林省水资源现状入手，利用水足迹理论分析了吉林省的水足迹及其变化特征，并对吉林省水资源可持续发展做出了综合性评价。结果表明：2016~2020年吉林省总水足迹年际含量总体上呈现出下降趋势，但农产品水足迹仍然占比较大，消耗水资源较多。另外，吉林省水资源自给率始终保持在98%以上，说明水资源有一定程度的可持续性，但吉林省仍然面临着水资源压力较大的问题，尤其是在吉林省工业用水方面，整体呈现出持续增长的态势。保护水资源，提高水资源的利用效率仍然是如今吉林省发展所必须要改善的一个重要方向。

Abstract: With the acceleration of modernization, the population and scale of cities are constantly expanding, and the demand for water resources is increasing. The shortage of water resources is no longer a problem faced by a few water scarce areas, but is gradually becoming a common problem in the process of urban development throughout the country. The water footprint theory makes water resources gradually become socialized, and gradually expands to the social and economic field from the perspective of only studying resources in the past, providing new ideas for the study of the sustainable development of water resources. Starting from the current situation of water resources in Jilin Province, this study analyzed the water footprint of Jilin Province and its change characteristics by using the water footprint theory, and made a comprehensive evaluation of the sustainable development of water resources in Jilin Province. The results show that the annual content of the total water footprint of Jilin Province in 2016~2020 shows a general downward trend, but the water footprint of agricultural products still accounts for a large proportion and consumes more water resources. In addition, the self-sufficiency rate of water resources in Jilin Province has always remained above 98%, indicating a certain degree of sustainability of water resources. However, Jilin Province still faces significant pressure on water resources, especially in terms of industrial water use in Jilin Province, which shows a sustained growth trend overall. Protecting water resources and improving the utilization efficiency of water resources is still an important direction that must be improved in the development of Jilin Province today.