铁路废弃用地改建为公园所引发的空间位阶变化——以首尔京义线林道公园为例

Spatial Hierarchy Changes Triggered by the Redevelopment of Abandoned Railway Land into a Park—A Case Study of the Gyeongui Line Forest Park in Seoul

摘要: 本研究以首尔京义线林道公园为例，探讨铁路废弃用地改造为城市绿道引发的空间层级重构效应。该铁路始建于1905年日据时期，原为军事运输要道，2006年因首尔铁路地下化工程而废弃。2011至2016年间，这条6.3公里的铁路被改造为线性公园，形成串联弘益大学、延世大学、西江大学三大高教区，并激活延南洞、新村商圈，使之与弘大商业街进行连接，构建起联结高校、社区与商业空间的绿色开放廊道。基于空间句法分析，本研究揭示：1) 项目如何通过交通可达性提升，推动周边500米范围内住宅用地向商住混合业态转型；2) 线性绿道对分散商业节点的整合效应，使其跃升为继江南、明洞后的首尔第三大活力商圈；3) 历史铁轨、枕木等工业遗产的保留策略，在空间叙事中实现的殖民记忆重构。研究为高密度城市废弃交通基础设施的再生提供了“交通廊道–生态纽带–经济轴线”的三阶段转型范式，对中国城市更新具有参考价值。

Abstract: This study examines the spatial restructuring effects of repurposing decommissioned railway corridors into urban greenways, focusing on Seoul’s Gyeongui Line Forest Park. Originally constructed in 1905 during Japanese colonial rule for military logistics, this 6.3-kilometer railway became obsolete following Seoul’s 2006 rail undergrounding project. Its transformation (2011~2016) into an elevated linear park established an ecological corridor connecting three major university districts (Hongik, Yonsei, and Sogang) while revitalizing adjacent commercial zones (Yeonnam and Sinchon). Using space syntax analysis, this research demonstrates how this intervention: 1) Enhanced transportation accessibility, catalyzing the conversion of residential areas within a 500-meter radius into mixed-use commercial-residential spaces; 2) Integrated fragmented commercial nodes, elevating the area into Seoul’s third most vibrant business district after Gangnam and Myeongdong; 3) Reconceptualized colonial memory through the preservation of industrial heritage, such as historical tracks and sleepers, within spatial narratives. The study proposes a three-phase transformation framework—“transportation corridor-ecological network-economic axis”—for regenerating abandoned transportation infrastructure in high-density cities, offering valuable insights for urban renewal initiatives in China.