社交回避及苦恼对成年初显期学生亲社会行为的影响：父母低头行为和家庭亲密度的链式中介作用
The Effect of Social Avoidance and Distress on Prosocial Behavior of Emerging Adulthood Students: The Chain Mediating Role of Parental Phubbing and Family Intimacy
摘要: 目的：了解成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼、亲社会行为、父母低头行为、家庭亲密度的状况，并探讨成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼与亲社会行为的关系，以及父母低头行为和家庭亲密度在其中的作用机制。方法：采用社交回避及苦恼量表、父母低头行为量表、家庭亲密度量表和亲社会行为量表对512名成年初显期学生测量。结果：(1) 社交回避及苦恼与家庭亲密度、成年初显期学生亲社会行为呈显著负相关、与父母低头行为呈显著正相关，父母低头行为与成年初显期学生亲社会行为、家庭亲密度呈显著负相关，家庭亲密度与成年初显期学生亲社会行为呈显著正相关。(2) 社交回避及苦恼不仅直接影响成年初显期学生亲社会行为，还通过三条路径产生间接影响：父母低头行为的单独中介作用、家庭亲密度的单独中介作用、父母低头行为和家庭亲密度的链式中介作用。结论：父母低头行为和家庭亲密度在成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼与亲社会行为的关系中起链式中介作用。
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between social avoidance and distress, prosocial behavior, parental phubbing and family intimacy among emerging adulthood students, and to explore the relationship between social avoidance and distress and prosocial behavior in emerging adulthood students, as well as the mechanism of parental phubbing and family intimacy. Methods: A total of 512 emerging adulthood students were measured by the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, the Parental Phubing Scale, the Family Closeness Scale and the Prosocial Behavior Scale. Results: (1) Social avoidance and distress were significantly negatively correlated with family intimacy, prosocial behavior and parental phubing, parental phubbing was negatively correlated with prosocial behavior and family intimacy of emerging adulthood students, and family intimacy was significantly positively correlated with prosocial behavior of adult students. (2) Social avoidance and distress not only directly affected the prosocial behavior of adult students, but also had indirect effects through three paths: the separate mediating role of parental phubbing, the separate mediating role of family intimacy, and the chain mediating role of parental phubbing and family intimacy. Conclusion: Parental phubbing and family intimacy play a chain mediating role in the relationship between social avoidance and distress and prosocial behavior in adult students.
文章引用：李金霖, 刘俊鑫, 李春锦, 刘邵磊, 唐芳贵 (2025). 社交回避及苦恼对成年初显期学生亲社会行为的影响：父母低头行为和家庭亲密度的链式中介作用. 心理学进展, 15(8), 30-37. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.158443

参考文献

[1] 耿毅博, 刘衍玲, 严玲, 林杰, 冉芳, 蒋毅(2021). 留守儿童家庭亲密度对社会适应的影响: 有调节的中介效应. 西南大学学报: 自然科学版, 43(8), 10-19.
[2] 李露, 叶宝娟, 倪林英, 杨强(2020). 家庭亲密度对大学生亲社会行为的影响:有调节的中介效应. 中国临床心理学杂志, 28(1), 178-180.
[3] 刘皓宇(2019). 大学生抑郁情绪与家庭亲密度, 孤独感的关系. 信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 39(5), 50-54.
[4] 刘梦璇(2023). 初中生领悟社会支持, 家庭亲密度与生命意义感的关系及其干预研究. 硕士学位论文, 合肥: 合肥师范学院.
[5] 刘子凡(2022). 父母低头行为对青少年发展的影响及机制. 中小学心理健康教育, (3), 4-8.
[6] 宋广文, 郝丙辉(2005). 学生社交回避行为、苦恼体验状况及其与父母教养方式关系的研究. 健康心理学杂志, 13(2), 133-135.
[7] 闫佳慈, 王兴超(2024). 父母低头行为与青少年孤独感: 亲子沟通的中介作用和亲子依恋的调节作用. 心理与行为研究, 22(6), 806-813.
[8] 张庆鹏, 寇彧(2011). 青少年亲社会行为测评维度的建立与验证. 社会学研究, 26(4), 105-121+244.
[9] 张雪凤, 高峰强, 耿靖宇, 等(2018). 社交回避与苦恼对手机成瘾的影响: 孤独感、安全感和沉浸的多重中介效应. 中国临床心理学杂志, 26(3), 494-497.
[10] Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging Adulthood: A Theory of Development from the Late Teens through the Twenties. American Psychologist, 55, 469-480.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Blanco, C., Okuda, M., Wright, C., Hasin, D. S., Grant, B. F., Liu, S. et al. (2008). Mental Health of College Students and Their Non-College-Attending Peers: Results from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65, 1429-1437.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Carlton, C. N., Sullivan-Toole, H., Strege, M. V., Ollendick, T. H., & Richey, J. A. (2020). Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adolescent Social Anxiety: A Unique Convergence of Factors. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article ID: 1783.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Cheng, S. H., Sun, Z., Lee, I. H., Lee, C., Chen, K. C., Tsai, C. H. et al. (2017). Factors Related to Self-Reported Social Anxiety Symptoms among Incoming University Students. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11, 314-321.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). The Effects of “Phubbing” on Social Interaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48, 304-316.[CrossRef] 
[15] Chung, M., Forstner, A. J., Mücke, M., Geiser, F., Schumacher, J., & Conrad, R. (2022). Predictors of Suicidal Ideation in Social Anxiety Disorder—Evidence for the Validity of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. Journal of Affective Disorders, 298, 400-407.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and Society (Vol. 445). Norton.
[17] Guo, X.W. (2000). Study on Cause of Social Anxiety. Psychological Exploration, No.1, 55-58.
[18] Jefferies, P., & Ungar, M. (2020). Social Anxiety in Young People: A Prevalence Study in Seven Countries. PLOS ONE, 15, e0239133.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] McDaniel, B. T., & Radesky, J. S. (2018). Technoference: Parent Distraction with Technology and Associations with Child Behavior Problems. Child Development, 89, 100-109.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Niu, G., Yao, L., Wu, L., Tian, Y., Xu, L., & Sun, X. (2020). Parental Phubbing and Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use: The Role of Parent-Child Relationship and Self-Control. Children and Youth Services Review, 116, Article 105247.[CrossRef] 
[21] Peyre, H., Barret, S., Landman, B., Blanco, C., Ellul, P., Limosin, F. et al. (2022). Age of Onset of Social Anxiety Disorder and Psychiatric and Mental Health Outcomes: Results from a Nationally Representative Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 309, 252-258.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Tonge, N. A., Lim, M. H., Piccirillo, M. L., Fernandez, K. C., Langer, J. K., & Rodebaugh, T. L. (2020). Interpersonal Problems in Social Anxiety Disorder across Different Relational Contexts. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 75, Article 102275.[CrossRef] [PubMed]