健康信念模式在心血管疾病患者中应用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Health Belief Model in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

摘要: 近年来，心血管疾病的患病率与死亡率呈现持续上升趋势。临床观察发现，此类患者普遍存在明显的心理问题，而心理障碍又会进一步引发躯体症状加重、治疗依从性降低以及生存质量恶化等问题，从而形成难以打破的恶性循环。传统的单一医疗模式在心血管疾病治疗中往往难以取得理想效果。健康信念模式(HBM)作为个体健康行为改变的理论框架，在心血管疾病(CVD)患者管理中具有重要应用价值。本文对健康信念模式的概念、背景、现状及其在心血管病人中的应用进行综述，以期为进一步开展相关研究，构建适合我国国情的健康教育方案，为提高心血管疾病患者健康水平提供借鉴及参考。

Abstract: In recent years, the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases have continued to rise. Clinical observation found that such patients generally have obvious psychological problems, and psychological disorders will further lead to the aggravation of physical symptoms, the reduction of treatment compliance and the deterioration of quality of life, thus forming a vicious circle that is difficult to break. The traditional single medical model often finds it difficult to achieve ideal results in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. As a theoretical framework of individual health behavior change, health belief model (HBM) has important application value in the management of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper reviews the concept, background, current situation and application of health belief model in cardiovascular patients, in order to provide reference for further research, to construct a health education program suitable for China’s national conditions, and to improve the health level of patients with cardiovascular diseases.