浅析《道德经》三版德译本的异同——以卫礼贤、德博和顾彬的译本为例

A Brief Analysis of the Differences and Similarities between Three German Translations of the Tao Te Ching—Taking the Translations of Richard Wilhelm, Günther Debon and Wolfgang Kubin as Examples

摘要: 《道德经》作为中国道家学派的经典著作，在世界范围内拥有广泛影响，其德语译本众多。本文选取了卫礼贤(Richard Wilhelm)、德博(Günther Debon)和顾彬(Wolfgang Kubin)三位不同时期、具有代表性的译者的《道德经》德译本为研究对象。旨在通过对比分析，探讨不同译者在翻译过程中因时代背景、个人学养及翻译目的的差异所采取的不同翻译策略，总结其译本的共性与个性特征，并揭示这些差异背后可能的文化传播取向和阅读效果。研究将主要从书名处理、文体风格、语义内涵和文化意象四个层面展开比较。通过此研究，期望能为中国典籍外译实践提供借鉴，并促进中华优秀传统文化的海外传播。

Abstract: As a classic work of the Chinese Taoist school, the Tao Te Ching has a wide influence worldwide, with numerous German translations. This article selects the German translations of the Tao Te Ching by three representative translators from different periods, Richard Wilhelm, Günther Debon, and Wolfgang Kubin, as the research objects. The aim is to explore the different translation strategies adopted by different translators in the translation process due to differences in historical background, personal education, and translation purposes through comparative analysis, summarize the common and individual characteristics of their translations, and reveal the possible cultural dissemination orientation and reading effects behind these differences. The research will mainly compare from four aspects: book title processing, literary style, semantic connotation, and cultural imagery. Through this study, it is expected to provide reference for the practice of translating Chinese classics into foreign languages and promote the overseas dissemination of excellent traditional Chinese culture.