活性炭纤维负载纳米零价铁对抗生素的去除效果与机制研究

Mechanisms and Efficacy of Activated Carbon Fiber-Immobilized Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron for Antibiotic Removal

摘要: 在当前环境保护和水资源再利用日益受到重视的背景下，抗生素污染已成为全球范围内关注的环境问题。由于抗生素在医疗、畜牧业中的广泛使用，它们以原始形态或代谢产物的形式通过各种途径进入水体，对水生生态系统造成潜在威胁，并可能引发耐药性菌株的出现。面对这一挑战，本文综述了活性炭纤维负载纳米零价铁(ACF-nZVI)对抗生素的去除效果及其机制。通过优化制备方法和条件，该材料在提高抗生素去除率和稳定性方面展现出显著的优势。结果表明，ACF-nZVI在实际应用中具有潜力，尤其是在工业废水处理和城市污水处理厂等领域。然而，推广应用时仍需克服制备复杂性、成本和操作难度等挑战，同时需要进一步的稳定性和长效性研究，以及对环境影响的评估。未来的研究方向包括提高材料的稳定性、提升去除效率、深入理解反应机制、评估经济性和环保性，以及在实际水处理项目中的应用。

Abstract: Amidst growing emphasis on environmental protection and water reuse, antibiotic pollution has emerged as a globally recognized environmental issue. Due to extensive use in medicine and animal husbandry, antibiotics enter water bodies via multiple pathways—either as parent compounds or metabolites—posing risks to aquatic ecosystems and potentially triggering resistant bacterial strains. To address this challenge, this review summarizes the efficacy and mechanisms of activated carbon fiber-supported nano zero-valent iron (ACF-nZVI) for antibiotic removal. Optimizing preparation methods and conditions endows the material with significant advantages in enhancing antibiotic removal efficiency and stability. Results demonstrate ACF-nZVI’s potential for practical applications, particularly in industrial wastewater treatment and municipal sewage plants. However, scaling up requires overcoming challenges like preparation complexity, cost, and operational difficulties, alongside further studies on stability, longevity, and environmental impact assessment. Future research should focus on enhancing material stability, improving removal efficiency, elucidating reaction mechanisms, evaluating economic/environmental viability, and implementing the technology in water treatment projects.