外显自尊、内隐自尊及自尊分离对社交焦虑的影响

The Influence of Explicit Self-Esteem, Implicit Self-Esteem, and Self-Esteem Discrepancy on Social Anxiety

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨外显自尊、内隐自尊及二者的分离程度(自尊分离)对社交焦虑的影响。研究包含两个部分。研究1 采用自尊量表和内隐联想测验、社交焦虑量表分别测量个体的外显自尊、内隐自尊社社交焦虑。研究2 采用内隐自尊启动任务，启动后测量内隐自尊、外显自尊及社交焦虑。结果发现：(1) 外显自尊与社交焦虑呈显著负相关，能显著负向预测社交焦虑水平；(2) 内隐自尊与社交焦虑相关不显著；(3) 自尊分离程度与社交焦虑呈显著正相关，自尊分离程度越大，社交焦虑水平越高。研究结果为理解自尊不同层面(外显、内隐及分离程度)在社交焦虑中的作用机制提供了实证依据，并提示通过降低自尊分离(如提升内隐自尊)可能是干预社交焦虑的有效途径。

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of explicit self-esteem, implicit self-esteem, and the degree of their discrepancy (self-esteem discrepancy) on social anxiety. The research consisted of two parts. Study 1 employed self-esteem scales, the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and a social anxiety scale to measure individuals’ explicit self-esteem, implicit self-esteem, and social anxiety, respectively. Study 2 utilized an implicit self-esteem priming task; after priming, implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem, and social anxiety were measured. The results found that: (1) Explicit self-esteem was significantly negatively correlated with social anxiety and significantly negatively predicted the level of social anxiety; (2) Implicit self-esteem was not significantly correlated with social anxiety; (3) The degree of self-esteem discrepancy was significantly positively correlated with social anxiety, indicating that higher levels of discrepancy were associated with higher levels of social anxiety.