《哲学的贫困》中的分工思想研究

Research on the Idea of Division of Labor in “The Poverty of Philosophy”

摘要: 本文聚焦马克思在《哲学的贫困》中对蒲鲁东分工思想的批判。通过文本分析，揭示马克思对蒲鲁东将分工视为永恒范畴、割裂其双重效应等谬误的批判。这一批判不仅深化了对历史唯物主义的阐释，也为马克思主义政治经济学提供了将分工视为特定生产关系进行分析的历史性方法，揭示了资本主义分工矛盾的历史根源，为科学社会主义奠定理论基础。

Abstract: This article focuses on Marx’s criticism of Proudhon’s division of labor in “The Poverty of Philosophy”. Through textual analysis, Marx’s criticism of Proudhon’s fallacy such as viewing division of labor as an eternal category and separating its dual effects. This criticism not only deepens the interpretation of historical materialism, but also provides Marxist political economy with a historic method to analyze the division of labor as a specific production relationship, reveals the historical roots of the contradiction between division of labor in capitalism, and lays the theoretical foundation for scientific socialism.