应用于ACL损伤的LARS韧带/PEEK嵌合体的制作研究

Research on the Fabrication of LARS Ligament/PEEK Chimera for ACL Injury Application

摘要: LARS韧带具有较高的机械强度和较好的生物相容性，可以有效减轻关节腔内的炎症反应，是目前运用在前交叉韧带重建术中最为常用的方式。然而，LARS韧带手术固定仍然存在较多的问题，传统固定方式为界面螺钉固定，需要对股骨进行洞穿处理，增加了股骨的负载压力和破裂风险。此外，长期的膝关节运动会使界面螺钉出现松弛致使韧带脱出骨隧道导致移植失效。因此改变LARS韧带的固定方式是减轻股骨受载压力以及防止韧带脱落的方法之一。论文采用聚醚醚酮(PEEK)树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)树脂、PET纤维线为嵌合体主体材料，通过浇铸成型以及车削工艺对嵌合体进行制作，并进一步采用拉伸性能及界面性能进行了评估。研究结果表明，PEEK因流动性较差及冷却速度过快导致嵌合体浇铸失败，更换PEEK基材为PET后继续进行嵌合体制作，并成功制备了不同PET纤维束增强的PET嵌合体。力学性能测试结果表明所制备的嵌合体都具备较好的力学性能。通过电镜扫描发现，所有PET纤维线表面都具有较好浸润性。

Abstract: LARS ligament has high mechanical strength and good biocompatibility, which can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in the articular cavity. It is the most commonly used method in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, there are still many problems in the surgical fixation of LARS ligament. The traditional fixation method is interface screw fixation, which requires hole-through treatment of the femur, increasing the load pressure and fracture risk of the femur. In addition, long-term knee exercise can make the interface screw loose, resulting in ligaments out of the bone tunnel, leading to graft failure. Therefore, changing the fixation method of LARS ligament is one of the methods to reduce the femoral loading pressure and prevent ligament from falling off. This study employed polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, and PET fibers as primary materials for fabricating chimeric constructs. The constructs were manufactured via casting, molding, and turning processes, followed by evaluations of tensile properties and interfacial performance. Results indicated that PEEK resin failed in casting due to its poor flowability and excessively rapid cooling rate. After replacing the PEEK matrix with PET resin, chimeric constructs reinforced with varying PET fiber bundles were successfully prepared. Mechanical tests confirmed favorable mechanical properties in all fabricated constructs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed excellent wettability on all PET fiber surfaces.