改性纳米零价铁金属活化过硫酸盐降解水中抗生素
Modified Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Metal Activates Persulfate for Antibiotic Degradation in Water
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2025.158125, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 苏雅妮*, 谢雨谍, 潘妍冰, 罗 俊：重庆科技大学土木与水利工程学院，重庆
关键词: 水污染；过硫酸盐活化；改性纳米零价铁；抗生素；Water Pollution； Persulfate Activation； Modified Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron； Antibiotics
摘要: 抗生素污染因其环境持久性和生态风险已成为水环境治理的重要挑战。传统水处理方法存在效率低、成本高或操作复杂等局限性。为此，基于改性纳米零价铁(nZVI)活化过硫酸盐的高级氧化技术(AOPs)因其高效降解能力和环境友好特性受到广泛关注。本综述系统总结了硫化改性纳米零价铁(S-nZVI)、生物炭负载纳米零价铁(BC-nZVI)及其复合体系(S-nZVI/BC)在抗生素降解中的性能与机制。研究表明，S-nZVI通过表面FeS层增强电子传递效率并抑制钝化，而BC-nZVI利用生物炭的多孔结构和官能团分散nZVI颗粒并促进Fe3+/Fe2+循环。其中，S-nZVI/BC展现出最优异的协同效应，其对环丙沙星(CIP)的降解率可达97.45%，归因于生物炭的吸附作用与硫化层的催化活性共同优化了自由基的生成与利用。此外，反应条件也显著影响降解效率，而共存阴离子和腐殖酸可能通过淬灭自由基或竞争吸附抑制反应。未来研究需聚焦材料合成优化、复杂水质适应性及工程化应用，以推动该技术在实际废水处理中的规模化应用。这些发现为开发高效、低耗的抗生素污染控制技术提供了重要理论依据。
Abstract: Antibiotic pollution has become a major challenge in water environment management due to its environmental persistence and ecological risks. Conventional water treatment methods suffer from limitations such as low efficiency, high costs, or operational complexity. To address this, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-activated persulfate have garnered significant attention for their high degradation efficiency and environmentally friendly characteristics. This review systematically summarizes the performance and mechanisms of sulfidized nZVI (S-nZVI), biochar-supported nZVI (BC-nZVI), and their composite system (S-nZVI/BC) in antibiotic degradation. Research indicates that S-nZVI enhances electron transfer efficiency and suppresses passivation through its surface FeS layer, while BC-nZVI utilizes the porous structure and functional groups of biochar to disperse nZVI particles and promote Fe3+/Fe2+ cycling. Notably, the S-nZVI/BC system demonstrates the most outstanding synergistic effect, achieving a degradation rate of 97.45% for ciprofloxacin (CIP), attributed to the combined optimization of radical generation and utilization through biochar adsorption and the catalytic activity of the sulfidized layer. Additionally, reaction conditions significantly influence degradation efficiency, whereas coexisting anions and humic acid may inhibit the process by quenching radicals or competing for adsorption. Future research should focus on material synthesis optimization, adaptability to complex water matrices, and engineering applications to facilitate the large-scale implementation of this technology in practical wastewater treatment. These findings provide a crucial theoretical foundation for developing efficient and low-cost antibiotic pollution control technologies.
文章引用：苏雅妮, 谢雨谍, 潘妍冰, 罗俊. 改性纳米零价铁金属活化过硫酸盐降解水中抗生素[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(8): 1128-1135. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2025.158125

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