基于生态系统服务流的长江三角洲地区生态补偿研究

Research on Ecological Compensation in the Yangtze River Delta Region Based on Ecosystem Service Flow

摘要: 区域经济发展与生态环境不平衡背景下，生态补偿(EC)区域的准确识别和补偿标准确定成为研究热点，其目标是完善区域间EC的长效机制。本研究采用建模和生态经济学方法计算长江三角洲地区(YRD)生态系统服务价值(ESV)，根据生态系统服务供需并引入断点模型，揭示生态系统服务流(ESF)特征，综合自然、经济、社会要素转移修正系数体系，构建基于ESF的EC模型，计算YRD的EC量。结果表明：1) 高价值区集中于北部地区(资源丰富但经济滞后)，低价值区分布于中部和沿海城市化密集区域，生态系统服务供给不足。2) 资金流向由沿海经济发达地区至内陆欠发达地区；上海市无资金流动。3) 2020年长三角生态补偿金额差异显著，浙江、江苏、安徽三省为受偿区，黄山市(1.5亿元)与丽水市为主要受益地；安庆市支付最高补偿金(362万元)。所提出的基于环境效应的区域经济合作模式为长三角地区区域经济合作机制的构建提供了依据和参考。

Abstract: Against the background of regional economic development and ecological environment imbalance, the accurate identification of ecological compensation (EC) regions and the determination of compensation standards have become research hotspots. The goal is to improve the long-term mechanism of inter-regional EC. This study used modeling and ecological economics methods to calculate the value of ecosystem services (ESV) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). According to the supply and demand of ecosystem services, the breakpoint model is introduced to reveal the characteristics of ecosystem service flow (ESF). Based on the correction coefficient system of natural, economic and social factors, the EC model based on ESF is constructed to calculate the EC of YRD. The results show that: 1) High-value areas are concentrated in the northern region (rich in resources but lagging in economy), while low-value areas are distributed in the central and coastal urbanization-intensive areas, and the supply of ecosystem services is insufficient. 2) The flow of capital flows from coastal economically developed areas to inland underdeveloped areas; there is no capital flow in Shanghai. 3) The amount of ecological compensation in the Yangtze River Delta in 2020 is significantly different. Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces are the compensation areas, and Huangshan City (150 million yuan) and Lishui City are the main beneficiaries. Anqing City paid the highest compensation (3.62 million yuan). The proposed regional economic cooperation model based on environmental effects provides a basis and reference for the construction of regional economic cooperation mechanisms in the Yangtze River Delta region.