中医外治法治疗小儿肌性斜颈的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Congenital Muscular Torticollis by External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘要: 小儿肌性斜颈是一种常见的儿科疾病，主要表现为颈部肌肉不对称，导致头部偏斜，对儿童的整体发育和生活质量产生多方面的影响。在中医学中本病归属经筋病范畴，与肝、脾、肾关系密切。近年来，中医外治法在小儿肌性斜颈的治疗中展现出独特的优势，相较于手术治疗更具安全性且患儿及家属接受度更高，尤其是在早期干预时能显著改善症状。本文综述了近几年中医外治法的主要治疗方法的研究进展，包括推拿、针灸、药物敷贴、针刀等，分析其在改善小儿肌性斜颈症状方面的疗效与机制，为相关研究提供参考。

Abstract: Congenital Muscular Torticollis is a common pediatric disease, mainly characterized by asymmetry of the neck muscles, which leads to head deviation. It has multiple impacts on children’s overall development and quality of life. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), this disease belongs to the category of meridian sinew diseases and is closely related to the liver, spleen, and kidney. In recent years, external treatment of TCM has shown unique advantages in the treatment of pediatric muscular torticollis. Compared with surgical treatment, it is safer and more acceptable to children and their families, and can significantly improve symptoms especially in early intervention. This article reviews the research progress of the main external treatment methods of TCM in recent years, including tuina (tui-na), acupuncture, medicinal application, needle knife, etc., and analyzes their efficacy and mechanisms in improving the symptoms of pediatric muscular torticollis, so as to provide references for related research.