基础阶段日语教材中的语体和语体转换

Speech Level and Speech Level Shift in Basic-Level Japanese Textbooks

摘要: 本研究系统性分析了中国日语专业大学生广泛使用的基础阶段日语教材中的语体和语体转换。结果显示，不论教材种类均存在以下问题：(1) 语体的相关用语缺乏统一，语体转换的相关用语亟待补充；(2) 缺乏关于语体和语体转换的明确定义；(3) 教材大纲中缺乏关于本书语体和语体转换特征的说明；(4) 缺少关于语体和语体转换的学习目标、无语体和话语层面等内容的讲解；(5) 缺乏实际交流场景的语体和语体转换的应用练习。对此，笔者提出了教材编写和日语教学两个方面的建议。

Abstract: This study conducted a systematic analysis of speech level and speech level shift in basic-level Japanese textbooks commonly used by Chinese university students majoring in Japanese. The results indicate that regardless of the type of textbook, the following issues are present: (1) The terminology related to speech level is inconsistent, and the terminology related to speech level shift needs to be supplemented; (2) There is a lack of clear definitions for speech level and shift; (3) The textbook outlines lack explanations regarding the characteristics of speech level and in the book; (4) There is a lack of learning objectives related to speech level and shift, with no explanations on no speech level’s marker and discourse levels; (5) There is a lack of practical exercises applying speech level and shift in real communication scenarios. In this regard, the author proposes suggestions for textbook development and Japanese language teaching.