衢州高职女生“慢就业”资源禀赋的地域性约束研究

A Study on the Regional Constraints of Resource Endowment in “Slow Employment” among Female Vocational College Students in Quzhou

摘要: 本研究旨在深入探讨个体资源禀赋对衢州地区高职院校女生群体“慢就业”现象的约束机制。在全球经济转型和劳动力市场结构性矛盾日益突出的背景下，“慢就业”已成为高校毕业生就业的普遍趋势。然而，针对衢州这一具有独特产业结构(传统产业转型)和地域文化(南孔儒学文化)的四省边际中心城市，其高职女性就业面临着特殊的挑战。本研究在前人资本理论基础上，创新性地引入“地域性文化资本”概念，并从经济资本、社会资本和文化资本等多维度剖析其对高职女生就业选择和周期的影响。通过对衢州地区高职院校女生的追踪数据和深度访谈，本研究发现，家庭经济阈值、社会资本代偿机制以及地域性儒学保守观念对“慢就业”风险存在显著约束，并呈现出独生女与多子女家庭、省际生源的异质性。研究结果揭示了资源禀赋的地域嵌入性特征，为衢州乃至类似地区缓解高职女性“慢就业”问题、促进区域经济发展提供了具象化、靶向性的政策启示。

Abstract: This study aims to conduct an in-depth investigation into the constraining mechanisms of individual resource endowments on the phenomenon of “slow employment” among female vocational college students in the Quzhou region. Against the backdrop of global economic transformation and increasingly prominent structural contradictions in the labor market, “slow employment” has become a prevalent trend among college graduates. However, Quzhou, as a marginal central city of four provinces with its unique industrial structure (traditional industry transformation) and regional culture (Southern Confucian culture), presents special challenges for the employment of vocational college women. Building on prior capital theories, this study innovatively introduces the concept of “regional cultural capital” and analyzes its impact on the employment choices and cycles of female vocational students from multiple dimensions, including economic capital, social capital, and cultural capital. Through longitudinal data and in-depth interviews with female students from vocational colleges in Quzhou, this study finds that family economic thresholds, intergenerational compensation mechanisms of social capital, and regional Confucian conservative attitudes significantly constrain the risk of “slow employment”, with heterogeneity observed between only-child families and multi-child families, as well as between local and interprovincial students. The results reveal the regionally embedded characteristics of resource endowments, providing concrete and targeted policy insights for alleviating “slow employment” among vocational college women and promoting regional economic development in Quzhou and similar areas.