企业绿色转型与出口品质量

Enterprise Green Transformation and Export Product Quality

摘要: 在全球绿色贸易壁垒升级与中国“双碳”目标深化的双重背景下，企业绿色化转型成为突破国际环境壁垒、提升出口竞争力的关键路径。本文基于2007~2015年中国上市公司数据，匹配海关进出口，实证检验了绿色化转型对出口品质量的影响效应及其作用机制。研究发现：第一，绿色化转型显著提升了出口品质量，该结论在替换变量、工具变量法等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立；第二，异质性分析表明，小规模企业、非高污染行业及东部地区企业的质量提升效应更为显著；第三，机制检验揭示绿色专利数量在绿色转型与质量升级中发挥部分中介效应。本研究为发展中国家通过绿色战略实现出口质量跃迁提供了微观证据，政策上建议实施差异化扶持政策，动态监管，技术流动。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the escalation of global green trade barriers and the deepening of China’s “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” goals, enterprise green transformation has emerged as a critical pathway to break through international environmental barriers and enhance export competitiveness. This study, based on data from Chinese listed companies spanning 2007~2015 and matched with customs import-export records, empirically examines the impact effects and mechanisms of green transformation on export product quality. The findings reveal: First, green transformation significantly enhances export product quality, a conclusion that remains robust after a series of robustness tests including variable replacement and the instrumental variable method; Second, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the quality-enhancing effect of green transformation is more pronounced among small-scale enterprises, non-high-pollution industries, and enterprises in eastern regions; Third, mechanism tests demonstrate that the number of green patents plays a partial mediating role between green transformation and quality upgrading. This research provides micro-level evidence for developing countries to achieve export quality leapfrogging through green strategies. Policy recommendations include implementing differentiated support measures, dynamic regulation, and facilitating technology flow.