电商销售平台中消毒产品监管现状及对策分析

Analysis on the Supervision Status and Countermeasures of Disinfection Products in E-Commerce Sales Platforms

摘要: 本文以电商销售平台中消毒产品的卫生安全监管为研究对象，系统梳理了我国消毒产品网络销售的监管法规框架及其实施难点，并总结了地方层面的监管创新实践。研究发现，平台销售的消毒产品主要存在以下问题：卫生安全评价缺失或不合格、标签说明书不合规、产品违规宣传疗效、违规添加违禁成分等。研究进一步分析了问题产生的深层次原因，包括生产源头管控不足、平台审核责任落实不到位与技术监管缺位，以及跨区域协同治理机制不健全。基于此，本文提出构建“源头追溯–过程控制–结果惩戒”一体化监管体系的建议：通过实施全链条溯源监管(源头赋码、互联网 + 监管平台、信用档案)强化源头管控；通过压实平台主体责任(强化准入审核、强制公示安全评价、构建风险预警)严控过程风险；通过创新跨区域协同机制(线上线索–属地查处联动、监管数据互通、深化政企合作)破解属地监管困境，并强化结果惩戒。本研究为完善消毒产品的电商销售监管体系提供了参考，对防范公共卫生风险具有实践意义。

Abstract: Focusing on the hygiene and safety oversight of disinfectants sold on e-commerce platforms, this paper systematically reviews China’s current regulatory framework for online disinfectant sales and the difficulties encountered in its enforcement. It also summarizes recent innovative regulatory practices at the local level. Empirical evidence reveals four dominant problems: missing or substandard hygiene-safety evaluations, non-compliant labeling and instructions, illegal therapeutic claims or misleading advertisements, and adulteration with prohibited ingredients. The study further dissects the deep-seated causes: weak control at the manufacturing source, the hollowing-out of platform-review duties, the absence of technological oversight, and an underdeveloped cross-regional coordination mechanism. Building on these findings, the paper proposes an integrated “source-traceability-process-control-outcome-punishment” regulatory model. Specifically, it recommends a full-chain traceability system (unique source codes, “Internet+ regulation” platform, and credit dossiers) to tighten source control; reinforced platform accountability (stricter entry review, mandatory disclosure of safety evaluations, risk-based early-warning systems) to curb process risks; and a cross-regional collaborative mechanism (linking online leads to territorial enforcement, interoperable regulatory data, deepened public-private cooperation) to overcome jurisdictional constraints, all backed by strengthened punitive outcomes. The study offers theoretical guidance for refining the supervision of disinfectants sold online and has practical significance for safeguarding public health.