反身代词“自己”的最短距离原则与阻断效应——基于对语料库的研究

The Shortest Distance Principle and Blocking Effect of the Reflexive Pronoun “Ziji”—Based on the Research of the Corpus

摘要: 本文旨在探讨反身代词“自己”在现代汉语中的指代机制及其使用规则，重点分析最短距离原则和阻断效应对“自己”指代的影响。通过具体的语言实例和理论框架，本文详细阐述了“自己”在不同语境中的指代机制，即其如何根据句法结构和语义关系选择先行词。最短距离原则指出，“自己”倾向于指代与其最近的先行词，而阻断效应则说明在某些句法结构中，特定成分会阻断“自己”与较远先行词的关联。这些机制的形成主要源于汉语的句法规则和语义约束，旨在确保语言表达的清晰性和准确性。本文还讨论了这些指代机制对语言理解和交际的实际影响，揭示了其在日常交流中的重要作用。

Abstract: This paper aims to explore the referential mechanism usage and usage rules of the reflexive pronoun “ziji” in Modern Chinese, with a focus on analyzing the influence of the shortest distance principle and the blocking effect on the reference of “ziji”. Through specific language examples and theoretical frameworks, this paper elaborates in detail the reference mechanism of “ziji” in different contexts, that is, how it selects the antecedent according to syntactic structures and semantic relations. The shortest distance principle states that “ziji” tends to refer to the antecedent closest to it, while the blocking effect illustrates that in certain syntactic structures, specific components will block the connection between “ziji” and a more distant antecedent. The formation of these mechanisms mainly stems from the syntactic rules and semantic constraints of the Chinese language, aiming to ensure the clarity and accuracy of language expression. This paper also discusses the practical impact of these reference mechanisms on language comprehension and communication, revealing their important role in daily communication.