存在主义视域下的《无姓之人》

Mr. Nobody from the Perspective of Existentialism

摘要: 人类生活在巨大的宇宙当中，据科学家研究，仅仅是可观测的宇宙就拥有930亿光年的直径和138亿年的历史。那么，如此巨大的宇宙究竟是为了谁而存在的？它的意义是什么？或者，借用刘慈欣在小说《朝闻道》中借霍金之口发出的追问：宇宙的目的是什么？康德说人作为有限的理性存在者，总是内在地具有向着宇宙和无限发问的冲动。萨特则告诉我们宇宙本身的存在——毫无意义。而由雅克·范·多梅尔执导的科幻爱情片——《无姓之人》更是以软科幻的方式呈现了一场别开生面的哲学盛宴。本文主要以存在主义哲学落笔，聚焦“自由选择”“存在先于本质”“孤独与荒诞”三条理论轴，尝试分析电影《无姓之人》中的存在主义色彩。

Abstract: Human beings live in a vast universe, and according to scientists’ research, the observable universe alone has a diameter of 93 billion light years and a history of 13.8 billion years. So, for whom does such a vast universe exist? What is its significance? Or, to borrow Liu Cixin's questioning from Hawking's mouth in the novel “Dawn on Me”: What is the purpose of the universe? Kant said that as finite rational beings, humans always have an inherent impulse to question the universe and infinity. Sartre tells us that the existence of the universe itself is meaningless. The science fiction romance film Mr. Nobody directed by Jaco van Dormael presents a unique philosophical feast in the form of soft science fiction. This article mainly focuses on existentialist philosophy, focusing on three theoretical axes: “free choice”, “existence before essence”, and “loneliness and absurdity”, attempting to analyze the existentialist color in the movie Mr. Nobody.