论马克思的自由劳动思想

On Marx’s Thought of Free Labor

摘要: “自由”这一概念有很多种解释，一直以来备受关注，但没有一种是与劳动相关的。而“劳动”是人类最基本的实践活动，直到黑格尔赋予劳动哲学意义，首次将自由与劳动联系起来。马克思在对前人关于自由与劳动论述批判的基础上，同样将自由与劳动联系起来，建立了其自由劳动思想。马克思自由劳动思想的形成有其特定的理论来源，在他看来，自由劳动是人的类本质，劳动这一活动是创造自由的手段，也是人的自由活动，他的自由劳动思想对于当代有着重要的启示。

Abstract: The concept of “freedom” has many interpretations and has always been highly regarded, but none of them are related to labor. And “labor” is the most fundamental practical activity of human beings, until Hegel gave labor philosophical meaning and first linked freedom with labor. On the basis of criticizing previous discussions on freedom and labor, Marx also linked freedom with labor and established his idea of free labor. The formation of Marx’s free labor thought has its specific theoretical source. In his view, free labor is the essence of human nature, and labor is a means of creating freedom and a free activity of human beings. His free labor thought has important implications for contemporary times.