GNAS基因在胃癌中的表达及临床意义
Expression and Clinical Significance of the GNAS Gene in Gastric Cancer
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.1582396, PDF,   
作者: 张尧尧, 杨侃侃, 江 兵*：安徽医科大学第四附属医院胃肠外科，安徽 巢湖
关键词: GNAS；胃癌；生物信息学；预后；免疫浸润；GNAS； Gastric Cancer； Bioinformatics； Prognosis； Immune Infiltration
摘要: 目的：利用生物信息学方法探讨GNAS (guanine nucleotide alpha-stimulating binding protein，鸟嘌呤核苷酸刺激结合蛋白)在胃癌组织中的表达、预后以及免疫细胞浸润的关系。方法：使用多个数据库分析GNAS基因在泛癌及胃癌中mRNA和蛋白的表达。利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)预测GNAS在胃癌中的诊断价值。通过TCGA数据和GEO数据分析GNAS表达在泛癌和胃癌中的总体生存期(overall survival, OS)。采用多种免疫浸润分析算法探讨GNAS在胃癌中与免疫浸润细胞的相关性。采用基因本体(GO)富集和京都基因与基因组数据库(KEGG)信号通路分析评估GNAS差异表达基因的功能富集分析。结果：与正常组织相比，GNAS在胃癌等多种恶性肿瘤中呈现出显著的高表达(P < 0.05)。在胃癌中GNAS的表达水平与肿瘤的T分期、TNM分期密切相关，且GNAS在晚期胃癌(III和IV期)中异常高表达(P < 0.05)。预后分析结果证实胃癌中GNAS高表达与较差预后相关。GO/KEGG功能富集分析提示GNAS与神经活性配体–受体相互作用、补体和凝血级联反应和脂肪消化吸收等通路相关。TIMER数据库分析显示GNAS的表达与中性粒细胞浸润呈负相关(P < 0.05)。结论：GNAS在胃癌中高表达，并具有较差的预后，且与中性粒细胞浸润呈负相关性，GNAS有可能成为胃癌患者诊断、预后和治疗的潜在分子靶点。
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the expression of GNAS (guanine nucleotide alpha-stimulating binding protein) in gastric cancer tissues, its prognostic value and correlation with immune cell infiltration through bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Multiple databases were utilized to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of the GNAS gene in pan-cancer and gastric cancer. The diagnostic value of GNAS in gastric cancer was predicted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Overall survival (OS) associated with GNAS expression was analyzed in pan-cancer and gastric cancer using data from TCGA and GEO datasets. Various immune infiltration analysis algorithms were employed to explore the correlation between GNAS and immune infiltrating cells in gastric cancer. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes related to GNAS was conducted using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Results: Compared with normal tissues, GNAS was significantly overexpressed in multiple tumors, including gastric cancer (P < 0.05). In gastric cancer, GNAS expression was closely associated with tumor T stage and TNM stage, with significant overexpression observed in advanced gastric cancer (stages III and IV) (P < 0.05). Survival analysis indicated that elevated GNAS expression in gastric cancer is linked to an unfavorable prognosis. GO/KEGG functional enrichment analysis suggested that GNAS was related to pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, and fat digestion and absorption. Analysis using the TIMER database revealed a negative correlation between GNAS expression and neutrophil infiltration (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GNAS exhibits robust upregulation in gastric cancer, correlating with adverse prognostic outcomes and an inverse relationship with neutrophilic infiltration. GNAS may serve as a potential molecular target for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastric cancer patients.
文章引用：张尧尧, 杨侃侃, 江兵. GNAS基因在胃癌中的表达及临床意义[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(8): 1549-1558. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1582396

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