单音节新兴动词的生成机制及社会动因

The Generative Mechanisms and Social Motivations of Monosyllabic Emerging Verbs

摘要: 本文基于词汇学、认知语言学、社会语言学，以“晒”“刷”“卷”“粉”等多个单音节新兴动词为核心语料，系统探究其生成机制与社会动因。研究发现，单音节新兴动词的来源存在他源性和自源性两种。生成机制上，包括隐喻转喻机制、词语模框架下的类推机制、构式压制机制，如“晒”从“物理晾晒”到“网络分享”的隐喻映射、“卷”依托“卷 + X”词语模的类推造词、“粉”在“V动 + 粉”构式压制下的由名转动；社会动因层面，语言表达的空位条件、网络文化的空前繁荣、语言表达的经济原则、外来文化和语言接触共同构成核心驱动力。本文通过对典型语料的深度剖析，单音节新兴动词生成中语言系统与社会文化之间的互动关系。

Abstract: This paper, based on lexicology, cognitive linguistics, and sociolinguistics, takes multiple monosyllabic emerging verbs such as “shai”, “shua”, “juan”, and “fen” as the core corpus, and systematically explores their generation mechanisms and social motivations. The study reveals that the sources of monosyllabic emerging verbs exist in two forms: exogenous and endogenous. In terms of generation mechanisms, they include metaphor and metonymy mechanisms, analogy mechanisms within word schemas, and construction suppression mechanisms, such as the metaphorical mapping of “shai” from “physical drying” to “network sharing”, the analogy-based word formation of “juan” relying on the “juan + X” word schema, and the name-based transformation of “fen” under the suppression of the “V action + fen” construction. At the social motivation level, the empty position conditions of language expression, the unprecedented prosperity of network culture, the economic principles of language expression, and the influence of foreign cultures and language contact jointly constitute the core driving force. Through in-depth analysis of typical corpora, this paper reveals the interactive relationship between the language system and social culture in the generation of monosyllabic emerging verbs.