城市电商规模对城乡收入差距的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Urban E-Commerce Scale on Urban-Rural Income Gap

摘要: 互联网技术飞速发展时期，电子商务成为带动中国经济增长的重要力量，城市电商规模是社会关注的重点话题，而缩小城乡收入差距问题是保持我国经济稳定协调可持续发展的重要条件。本文选择2010年到2020年全国259个城市的数据作为样本，使用固定效应模型和动态面板模型评估了城市电商规模对城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现，城市电商规模增大会显著缩小城乡收入差距，这一结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析显示，在中东部地区，城市电商规模增大会显著缩小城乡收入差距；而在西部地区，城市电商规模增大会显著扩大城乡收入差距。最后根据我国实际，提出推动电商深度发展和精准化的区域发展建议，着力缩小城乡收入差距，促进社会公平。

Abstract: During the period of rapid internet technology development, e-commerce has emerged as a crucial force driving China’s economic growth. The scale of urban e-commerce is a key focus of societal attention, while addressing the urban-rural income gap is essential for maintaining stable, coordinated, and sustainable economic development in China. This study utilizes data from 259 cities across China spanning 2010 to 2020, employing fixed-effects models and dynamic panel models to evaluate the impact of urban e-commerce scale on the urban-rural income disparity. The research finds that an increase in urban e-commerce scale significantly narrows the urban-rural income gap, a conclusion that holds after a series of robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that in the central and eastern regions, an expansion of urban e-commerce scale significantly reduces the urban-rural income gap. Conversely, in the western region, an increase in urban e-commerce scale significantly widens the gap. Finally, based on China’s specific context, the study proposes region-specific recommendations to promote the in-depth and targeted development of e-commerce, aiming to narrow the urban-rural income gap and foster social equity.