数字时代劳动者隐私权保护的困境与路径研究

Research on the Dilemma and Path of Protecting Workers’ Privacy Rights in the Digital Era

摘要: 数字时代背景下，人工智能与物联网技术的深度应用使企业智能监控系统全面渗透劳动场景，导致劳动者隐私权面临系统性风险。当前我国劳动者隐私权保护存在立法体系碎片化、智能监控技术滥用、告知同意规则异化等问题，其根源在于劳动关系的从属性结构、技术发展带来的双重性挑战以及利益平衡机制的缺失。研究表明，应通过构建保护路径，完善相关立法体系，健全隐私权救济机制，重构告知同意规则，从而提升劳动者在信息处理中的参与度与选择权。该研究为在数字化治理背景下实现企业管理效率与劳动者权益保护的协调提供了制度参考。

Abstract: In the context of the digital era, the deep integration of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has enabled enterprise-level intelligent surveillance systems to extensively penetrate labor scenarios, which has posed systemic risks to workers’ privacy rights. The protection of such rights in China has faced a series of challenges, including fragmented legislation, excessive use of surveillance technology, and the distortion of the informed consent mechanism. These problems have stemmed from the inherent subordination in labor relations, the dual-edged nature of technological development, and the absence of effective interest-balancing mechanisms. This study has proposed a comprehensive protection path by improving the legislative system, enhancing the remedies for workers’ privacy rights, and reconstructing the rules of informed consent to ensure workers’ substantive voluntariness. The research has offered institutional references for balancing corporate management efficiency and the protection of individual rights in the digital age.