TPU/硅藻土复合纤维膜的制备及性能

Fabrication and Performance of TPU/Diatomite Composite Fibrous Membranes

摘要: 由于聚氨酯软硬段之间的微相分离结构，有利于细胞的附着和生长，因此静电纺丝聚氨酯纳米纤维生物组织工程方面被广泛使用。本文利用静电纺丝技术通过调节TPU浓度、纺丝速率、电压、针头内径等参数确定制备TPU纤维膜的最佳工艺参数，在TPU纤维膜中添加不同质量的硅藻土制备聚氨酯(TPU)/硅藻土复合纤维膜，探讨硅藻土对复合纤维膜的性能的影响。用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热失重仪、光学视频接触角对其结构、热性能、润湿性等进行测试。结果表明，添加硅藻土后提高了复合纤维膜的亲水性能，当硅藻土的含量为1.2%时，制备的纤维膜的接触角平均值为56˚，其直径分布也更加均一。其在组织工程方面有着应用潜力。

Abstract: Due to the microphase separation structure between the soft and hard segments of polyurethane, which facilitates cell attachment and growth, electrospun polyurethane nanofibers are widely used in biological tissue engineering. This study employed electrospinning technology to determine the optimal process parameters for preparing TPU fiber membranes by adjusting parameters including TPU concentration, spinning rate, voltage, and needle inner diameter. Polyurethane (TPU)/diatomite composite fiber membranes were fabricated by incorporating varying masses of diatomite into the TPU fiber membranes, aiming to investigate the influence of diatomite on the properties of the composite membranes. The structure, thermal properties, and wettability were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and optical video contact angle measurement. The results demonstrate that the addition of diatomite significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity of the composite fiber membranes. Specifically, at a diatomite content of 1.2%, the prepared fiber membrane exhibited an average contact angle of 56˚ and a more uniform diameter distribution. These composite membranes demonstrate considerable potential for tissue engineering applications.