高水头输水管道卧式消能井结构试验研究

Experimental Study on Structure of Horizontal Stilling Well for High Head Water Conveyance Pipeline

摘要: 为了满足高水头、小流量、垂向开挖施工困难的管道输水工程消能需要，提出在纵向上布置消能工的槛式、柱式和孔板式三种卧式消能井，通过模型试验，对卧式消能井结构型式进行比选，并对选定消能井的消能影响因素开展研究。结果表明：卧式孔板消能井结构简单，井身高度小，消能效果好。孔径是影响孔板消能井消能效果的主要因素，流量一定时，孔径越小，孔速越大，消能率越高，孔速为6.00 m/s~7.00 m/s时，消能率达到67.71%~74.17%。开孔总面积一定时，孔数对孔板消能井的消能效果基本没有影响，可将孔板灵活设计成单孔或多孔形式。

Abstract: In order to meet the needs of energy dissipation in water conveyance pipeline projects with high head, small flow and difficult vertical excavation construction, three horizontal stilling wells with sill, column and orifice plate are proposed. Through model tests, the structural types of horizontal stilling wells are compared and selected, and the influencing factors of energy dissipation are studied. The results show that the orifice plate stilling well has simple structure, small well height and good energy dissipation effect. The aperture is the main factor affecting the energy dissipation effect of the orifice plate stilling well. When the flow rate is constant, the smaller the aperture, the larger the orifice flow velocity and the higher the energy dissipation ratio. When the orifice flow velocity is 6.00 m/s~7.00 m/s, the energy dissipation ratio reaches 67.71%~74.17%. When the total area of opening holes is constant, the number of orifices has no affect on the energy dissipation effect of the orifice plate stilling well, and the orifice plate can be flexibly designed into single hole or multiple holes form.