基于ANSYS的电动方程式赛车车架设计及有限元分析

Design and Finite Element Analysis of Electric Formula Racing Frame Based on ANSYS

摘要: 中国大学生电动方程式大赛(FSEC)是一项由中国汽车工程师学会主办的综合性工程设计与制造比赛，旨在培养学生的工程实践能力和创新精神。比赛用车整体由电机、电池箱、电控系统及车架、车身等构成构成。车架作为赛车的核心部件，不仅需要承载赛车各部件的重量，还需在各种工况下保证赛车的稳定性和车手的安全。传统的车架设计方法依赖于经验设计和试验验证，周期长、成本高。本文利用ANSYS有限元分析软件，对车架进行虚拟建模和仿真分析，分析不同工况下的车架参数，缩短设计周期，降低制造成本，同时确保车架的强度和刚度满足要求。

Abstract: With the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry and technological advancements, electrification and intelligentization have become key research areas in domestic student formula competitions. This study focuses on the chassis design of the China University Electric Formula Racing Car, prioritizing driver safety. Utilizing CATIA and ANSYS software, the chassis was modeled and analyzed. In ANSYS Workbench, meshing was performed with refinement in critical structural regions. Through static analysis, the torsional stiffness of the chassis under torsional loading was calculated as 1,736.74 N·m/degree, meeting competition requirements, with a maximum deformation of 1.5329 mm observed near the front hoop and bulkhead. Under static loading (total mass 290 kg), the maximum displacement of 1.149 mm occurred in the seat support tubes. A frontal collision simulation at 79.2 km/h (22 m/s) revealed chassis deformation ranging from 0 to 113.6 mm, with the largest deformation at the junction of the front bulkhead and front hoop. The chassis design complies with safety regulations, ensures driver protection, and provides theoretical insights for structural optimization, laying a foundation for future racing car improvements. laying the groundwork for future improvements.