肿瘤外科术精准切除与综合治疗中的荧光导航技术

Fluorescence Navigation Technology in Precise Resection and Comprehensive Treatment of Tumor Surgery

摘要: 荧光导航技术通过实时、高特异性的近红外荧光成像，为肿瘤外科的精准切除与综合治疗提供了全新的解决方案。本文系统综述了荧光导航在肝癌等实体瘤中的应用进展：术前利用ICG等探针完成肿瘤定位与分期，并借助3D-荧光融合影像进行手术规划；术中实现肿瘤边界和重要血管/神经的可视化，显著降低出血、胆漏及神经损伤的风险；术后则通过残余肿瘤检测和靶区标记，优化放疗与化疗方案。人工智能辅助下的深度学习算法进一步提升了图像分割精度与操作标准化。尽管成像深度、探针代谢和设备成本仍是挑战，但多学科交叉与产业协同正推动技术迭代。未来，荧光导航将在更多瘤种及跨学科外科领域发挥核心作用，为患者带来更高的生存率和更佳的生活质量。

Abstract: Fluorescence navigation technology, through real-time and highly specific near-infrared fluorescence imaging, provides a brand-new solution for precise tumor resection and comprehensive treatment in tumor surgery. This article systematically reviews the application progress of fluorescence navigation in solid tumors such as liver cancer: preoperative tumor localization and staging are achieved using probes like ICG, and surgical planning is facilitated by 3D fluorescence fusion images; during the operation, the boundaries of tumors and important blood vessels/nerves are visualized, significantly reducing the risks of bleeding, bile leakage, and nerve damage; postoperatively, residual tumor detection and target area marking are conducted to optimize radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Deep learning algorithms assisted by artificial intelligence have further improved the accuracy of image segmentation and the standardization of operations. Although imaging depth, probe metabolism, and equipment costs remain challenges, multidisciplinary collaboration and industrial synergy are driving technological iterations. In the future, fluorescence navigation will play a core role in more tumor types and cross-disciplinary surgical fields, bringing higher survival rates and better quality of life to patients.