基于“P-5E-E”的概率论与数理统计教学改革——以“贝叶斯公式”为例

Reform of Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics Teaching Based on the “P-5E-E” Model—Taking “Bayes’ Formula” as an Example

摘要: 针对“概率论与数理统计”课程教学中存在的学生自主探究意识薄弱、高阶思维训练不足以及创新能力培养欠缺等问题，基于建构主义理论框架，拓展“5E”教学模式，构建了“P-5E-E”的教学过程。通过重构教学流程，着力引导学生自主建构知识体系，在发现问题、探索方法、形成结论、知识应用的完整认知过程中，有效拓展思维广度、提升应用能力并激发创新潜能。采用线上线下融合、课内课外联动的多元化策略，持续深化学生的学习体验。本文以贝叶斯公式的教学实践为例，具体阐述该模式的实施路径。

Abstract: In response to the issues in the teaching of the course “Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics”, such as students’ weak awareness of independent inquiry, insufficient training in higher-order thinking, and a lack of innovation capacity development, this study expands the “5E” instructional model within the framework of constructivist theory to establish a “P-5E-E” teaching process. By restructuring the teaching procedures, it focuses on guiding students to independently construct their knowledge systems. Throughout the complete cognitive process of identifying problems, exploring methods, forming conclusions, and applying knowledge, it effectively broadens students’ thinking horizons, enhances their application abilities, and stimulates their innovative potential. A diversified strategy integrating online and offline learning as well as linking in-class and out-of-class activities is adopted to continuously deepen students’ learning experiences. This paper takes the teaching practice of Bayes’ formula as an example to specifically elaborate on the implementation pathway of this model.