石蜡/环氧树脂复合相变材料性能改进及耐蚀特性分析

Performance Improvement and Corrosion Resistance Analysis of Paraffin/Epoxy Resin Composite Phase Change Materials

摘要: 本研究通过对比石蜡/环氧树脂复合材料(Epoxy Resin-Phase Change Material, EP-PCM)与二氧化硅定形相变材料(Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material, SSPCM)的性能差异，证实了环氧树脂封装策略在热稳定性与化学耐受性方面的显著提升作用。EP-PCM的平均粒径为57.0 μm，显著高于SSPCM的0.468 μm，比表面积降低至124.32 cm²/g，但其导热系数提升至0.34 W/(m∙K)，较SSPCM的0.15 W/(m∙K)增长126%。热稳定性测试表明，EP-PCM经30次热循环后质量损失率仅为2.23%，远低于SSPCM的9.4%，初始分解温度由194℃提升至220℃。化学耐受性分析显示，EP-PCM在酸、碱环境中的累计质量损失率分别为12.7%和5.4%，表现出良好的耐化学稳定性。然而，在醇类介质中，由于石蜡溶解，潜热值出现了明显下降，降幅达25%，研究表明，环氧树脂通过物理包覆和化学交联的协同作用，可以有效抑制了相变材料的泄漏，尤其在酸碱性环境下表现较为稳定。但在醇类溶剂环境下的性能退化问题仍需进一步优化。

Abstract: This study systematically compared the performance differences between paraffin/epoxy resin composites (Epoxy Resin-Phase Change Material, EP-PCM) and shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCM), confirming the significant enhancement of thermal stability and chemical resistance achieved through the epoxy resin encapsulation strategy. The EP-PCM demonstrated an average particle size of 57.0 μm, substantially larger than SSPCM’s 0.468 μm, with its specific surface area reduced to 124.32 cm²/g. However, its thermal conductivity increased to 0.34 W/(m∙K), representing a 126% improvement over SSPCM’s 0.15 W/(m∙K). Thermal stability tests revealed that EP-PCM exhibited a mass loss rate of only 2.23% after 30 thermal cycles, significantly lower than SSPCM’s 9.4%. The initial decomposition temperature of EP-PCM was elevated from 194˚C to 220˚C, indicating enhanced thermal resistance. Chemical tolerance analysis demonstrated that EP-PCM achieved cumulative mass loss rates of 12.7% in acidic environments and 5.4% in alkaline environments, reflecting its robust chemical stability under these conditions. However, in alcohol media, due to the dissolution of paraffin, the latent heat value showed a significant decrease of 25%. Studies have shown that epoxy resin can effectively suppress the leakage of phase change materials through the synergistic effect of physical coating and chemical cross-linking, especially in acidic and alkaline environments where it is relatively stable. However, further optimization is needed to address the issue of performance degradation in alcohol solvent environments.