工程认证背景下自动控制原理课程设计改革——基于STM32的红外跟踪风扇控制系统开发

Reform of Automatic Control Principle Course Design in the Context of Engineering Accreditation—Development of an Infrared Tracking Fan Control System Based on STM32

摘要: 自动控制原理课程设计作为理论教学的重要实践环节，涵盖系统建模、时频域分析、校正设计等全流程训练，能够提升解决复杂工程问题的能力。传统的自动控制原理课程设计多采用基于Matlab的仿真，这样的模型依赖数学模型，难以模拟实际系统的非线性、时变特性及环境干扰，导致结果与真实场景存在差异。针对这一局限性，本研究提出了一种融合多模态传感技术的智能风扇控制系统作为创新实践平台。该控制器实现了自动跟随吹风、语音控制、以及根据温度自动调速等功能。有较好的便利性和灵活性、同时功能更为丰富、更加节能等特点，是自动控制原理理论课程很好的实践环节。

Abstract: As a crucial practical component of theoretical education in automatic control principles, the course design encompasses comprehensive training in system modeling, time-frequency domain analysis, and compensation design, thereby enhancing the ability to address complex engineering problems. Currently, most automatic control principle course designs rely on Matlab-based simulations. Such approaches depend heavily on mathematical models and struggle to emulate real-world nonlinearities, time-varying characteristics, and environmental disturbances in practical systems, resulting in discrepancies between simulation outcomes and real-world scenarios. To overcome this limitation, the study presents an intelligent fan control system that integrates multimodal sensing as an innovative teaching platform. The controller offers auto-tracking airflow, voice commands, and speed adjustment based on ambient temperature. It is more convenient, flexible, feature-rich, and energy-efficient—making it an ideal hands-on module for courses in automatic control principles.