从“强势”到“弱势”：汉英翻译动词弱化策略研究

From “Strong” to “Weak”: A Study on the Strategy of Weakening Verbs in Chinese-English Translation

摘要: 中英文之间的差别决定了翻译应采取的策略，了解中英文不同的行文习惯，能更巧妙地处理词汇乃至句子的翻译。英文是静态的语言，喜静不喜动，主要体现为英文较多使用名词，还表现为英文能用弱势动词就不用强势动词。而中文则相反，中文是动态语言，擅长使用动词。而汉英翻译翻译作为一种传播中国文化的重要途径，使中文世界不仅被看见，而且被引用、被标准、被跟随，其翻译时传达的态度对于对外宣传效果有着重大影响。鉴于此，笔者对积累的非文学翻译实例进行分析，从强弱动词的角度探讨和评析汉英翻译，希望为广大英语学习者或是进行非文学翻译工作者提供可以借鉴的翻译方法。

Abstract: The differences between Chinese and English determine the strategies that should be adopted in translation. Understanding the different writing habits of Chinese and English can help handle the translation of vocabulary and even sentences more skillfully. English is a static language that prefers stillness over movement. This is mainly reflected in the frequent use of nouns in English and also in the fact that it uses weak verbs whenever possible instead of strong ones. In contrast, Chinese is a dynamic language and is good at using verbs. As an important means of spreading Chinese culture, Chinese-English translation not only makes the Chinese-speaking world visible but also quoted, standardized and followed. The attitude conveyed during translation has a significant impact on the effect of external publicity. In view of this, the author analyzes the accumulated non-literary translation examples, explores and evaluates Chinese-English translation from the perspective of strong and weak verbs, hoping to provide translation methods that can be referred to for the majority of English learners or non-literary translators.