译者的主体性对《呼啸山庄》翻译的影响：基于改写理论的整合分析

The Impact of Translator’s Subjectivity on the Translation of Wuthering Heights: An Integrated Analysis Based on Rewriting Theory

摘要: 本文以勒菲弗尔的改写理论为分析框架，通过对比研究杨苡与方平的《呼啸山庄》中译本，系统考察了译者主体性在文学翻译中的多维呈现。研究发现，两位译者在词汇、句法和性别话语处理上的差异不仅反映了个人翻译风格，更体现了不同历史时期社会文化语境对翻译实践的深刻影响。杨苡的异化策略凸显了建国初期对文化准确性的追求，而方平的归化选择则顺应了改革开放后读者市场的需求。本研究揭示了译者主体性不仅是个人风格的体现，更是特定历史背景下受意识形态、赞助、翻译诗学影响共同作用的结果，不仅拓展了译者主体性研究的理论维度，更为经典文学重译现象提供了新的解释路径。

Abstract: This study employs Lefevere’s rewriting theory as an analytical framework to systematically examine the multidimensional manifestations of translator’s subjectivity through a comparative analysis of Yang Yi’s and Fang Ping’s Chinese translations of Wuthering Heights. The findings reveal that the translators’ divergent approaches in lexical choices, syntactic structures, and gender discourse representation reflect not only individual stylistic preferences but, more significantly, the profound influence of distinct socio-historical contexts on translation practice. Yang’s foreignizing strategy demonstrates the pursuit of cultural accuracy characteristic of the early PRC period, while Fang’s domesticating approach responds to the market demands of the post-reform era. The research elucidates that translator subjectivity manifests not merely as personal style but as the product of complex interactions among ideology, patronage, and translation poetics within specific historical contexts, thereby expanding the theoretical dimensions of translator subjectivity studies and offering new interpretive pathways for understanding canonical retranslation phenomena.