从文化语言学的角度探究贵阳地铁站站名及其翻译策略

A Study on the Name and Translation Strategies of Guiyang Metro Stations from the Perspective of Cultural Linguistics

摘要: 本文从文化语言学视角切入，探讨贵阳地铁站名及其翻译策略中语言符号与文化认知的互动关系。研究发现，贵阳地铁站名翻译通过音译优先、功能对等与混合编码三重策略，构建了地方文化身份与全球化语言适应的双重表达系统：音译(如“喷水池”PenShuiChi)保留黔中方言音韵特征，固化地域文化符号；意译(如“国际生态会议中心”International Eco-Conference Center)以归化策略消解跨文化认知壁垒；混合模式(如“阳明祠”Yangming Ancestral Temple Station)则实现历史名人文化的跨语际传播。这种翻译实践本质上是文化主体性在全球化语境下的协商：既通过拼音景观强化西南官话的语言地方性(站名音译率达70%)，又借助双重命名机制(如“贵阳北站”Guiyang North Railway Station)平衡国际交际需求。但是，站名翻译在对外国旅客目标群体文化认知方面并没有很好地给予平衡。因此本文就贵阳地铁站点名称英译是否更好地传播语言符号背后文化进行分析，可为城市语言景观的“文化可译性”提供实践启示，也为中国新型城镇化进程中的文化符号传播研究提供范式参考。

Abstract: This study examines the interplay between linguistic symbols and cultural cognition in the naming and translation of Guiyang subway stations from a cultural linguistics perspective. The findings reveal that the translation strategies employed—primarily transliteration, functional equivalence, and mixed coding—construct a dual expression system that balances local cultural identity with global linguistic adaptation. For example: (1) Transliteration (e.g., 喷水池 for “Penshuichi”) preserves the phonological features of Guizhou dialects and reinforces regional cultural symbols. (2) Free translation (e.g., 国际生态会议中心 for “International Eco-Conference Center”) employs domestication strategies to reduce cross-cultural cognitive barriers. (3) mixed-mode translation (e.g., 阳明祠 for “Yangming Ancestral Temple Station”) facilitates the cross-linguistic transmission of historical and cultural heritage. These translation practices reflect a negotiation of cultural subjectivity in the context of globalization. The predominant use of pinyin (accounting for approximately 70% of station names) reinforces Southwest Mandarin’s regional identity, while dual-naming mechanisms (e.g., 贵阳北站 for “Guiyang North Railway Station”) meet international communication needs. However, the current approach falls short in addressing foreign tourists’ cultural comprehension, as the English translations often fail to convey the deeper cultural connotations embedded in the Chinese linguistic symbols. Therefore, this study analyzes whether the English translations of Guiyang subway station names effectively convey the cultural connotations embedded in their linguistic symbols. The findings can offer practical insights into the “cultural translatability” of urban linguistic landscapes and serve as a referential framework for research on cultural symbol dissemination in China’s new urbanization process.