状态评价性构式“小N一V”构式解析以及构式成因探究

Analysis of the Status-Evaluative Construction “Xiao (小) N Yi (一) V” and Exploration of Its Formation Causes

摘要: 本文认为“小N一V”的核心构式义可以概括为“对所描述生活状态——轻松舒适、对所描述动作施动者——喜爱俏皮”的主观评价，其话语功能主要是对生活状态或“V”的施事的动作状态进行主观上的褒赞性评价。构式义的浮现并不是构件意义的简单相加，但也离不开构件提供的意义来源，构件“小”和“一”的语义演变使得本构式主观性增强，同时该评价性构式离不开人们的高频使用，共同作用下使得拥有主观评价义的构式“小N一V”产生。

Abstract: This paper argues that the core constructional meaning of “Xiao (小) N Yi (一) V” can be summarized as a subjective evaluation of “the described living state being relaxed and comfortable, and the agent of the described action being lovely and playful”. Its discourse function is mainly to subjectively praise and evaluate the living state or the action state of the agent of “V”. The emergence of the constructional meaning is not a simple addition of the meanings of its components, but it also cannot be separated from the meaning sources provided by the components. The semantic evolution of the components “Xiao (小)” and “Yi (一)” has enhanced the subjectivity of this construction. Meanwhile, this evaluative construction is inseparable from people’s high-frequency use. Under the combined effect, the construction “Xiao (小) N Yi (一) V” with subjective evaluative meaning comes into being.