《家庭教育促进法》视域下家校社协同育人的责任边界机制构建研究

Research on the Construction of the Responsibility Boundary Mechanism for Collaborative Education among Families, Schools and Communities from the Perspective of the “Family Education Promotion Law”

摘要: 《家庭教育促进法》颁布实施后，家校社协同育人已成为推动学生全面发展、落实立德树人的关键路径，该领域的理论探索与实践创新从未中断。然而，当前家校社协同育人的责任边界方面仍面临困境，学校的协同育人主导性作用发挥不足、家庭的主体性教育责任履行不够、社会有效支持力度边缘化等“缺位”问题，家长或监护人的过度干预、学校转嫁教育责任、社会教育主动越界等“越位”问题依旧存在。为有效实现家校社的协同育人，应从政府统筹、构建共识、法律保障、文化建设等角度出发，构建良好的协同育人新生态，完善顶层设计；建立稳固的分工合作机制，明确责任边界；完善健全的法律法规体系，筑牢保障根基；倡导和谐的协同育人导向，营造道德氛围。推动家庭、学校和社会的教育责任边界更加清晰，促进协同育人工作机制的构建。

Abstract: After the promulgation and implementation of the “Family Education Promotion Law”, collaborative education between families, schools and society has become a key path for promoting students’ all-round development and implementing the principle of fostering virtue through education, with ongoing theoretical explorations and practical innovations. However, there are still dilemmas regarding the boundaries of responsibility in collaborative education among families, schools, and society. Issues of “absence” persist, such as insufficient exertion of schools’ leading role in collaborative education, inadequate fulfillment of families’ main educational responsibilities, and marginalization of effective social support. Meanwhile, problems of “overstepping” also exist, including excessive intervention by parents or guardians, schools shifting educational responsibilities, and social education taking the initiative to overstep boundaries. To effectively realize collaborative education among families, schools, and society, efforts should be made from the perspectives of government coordination, consensus building, legal guarantees, and cultural construction. Specifically, it is necessary to build a new sound ecology of collaborative education and improve top-level design; establish a stable division of labor and cooperation mechanism to clarify responsibility boundaries; improve and perfect the legal and regulatory system to lay a solid foundation for guarantees; and advocate a harmonious orientation of collaborative education to create a moral atmosphere. These measures aim to make the educational responsibility boundaries among families, schools, and society clearer and promote the construction of a collaborative education mechanism.