考虑中转站与碳排放的城市垃圾分类运输两阶段路径优化与调度

Route Optimization and Scheduling for Urban Garbage Classification Transportation

摘要: 随着城市化进程加快，垃圾产生量急剧增加，对垃圾收运与处理提出了更高的效率与环保要求。本文围绕城市垃圾分类运输的路径优化与调度问题，分阶段提出多层次优化模型与算法。首先，针对单类垃圾运输，建立了带容量约束的路径优化模型，以最小化总行驶距离为目标，设计了求解算法并分析其复杂性；随后，扩展至多类型垃圾协同调度，综合考虑不同车辆特性与运输成本，构建协同优化模型并探讨时间约束的影响；最后，引入中转站选址与碳排放因素，提出选址、路径与碳排放协同优化框架，并设计两阶段算法求解。研究为提升城市垃圾运输系统的运行效率、降低成本与碳排放提供了有力支持，具有重要的理论与实践意义。

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of garbage produced has increased sharply, putting forward higher efficiency and environmental protection requirements for garbage collection, transportation and treatment. This paper focuses on the path optimization and scheduling problem of urban waste classification transportation, and proposes multi-level optimization models and algorithms in stages. Firstly, for the transportation of a single type of garbage, a path optimization model with capacity constraints was established. With the goal of minimizing the total traveling distance, a solution algorithm was designed and its complexity was analyzed. Subsequently, the collaborative scheduling of multiple types of garbage was expanded. Considering the characteristics of different vehicles and transportation costs comprehensively, a collaborative optimization model was constructed and the influence of time constraints was explored. Finally, by introducing the factors of transfer station location and carbon emissions, a collaborative optimization framework for location, route and carbon emissions is proposed, and a two-stage algorithm is designed for solution. This research provides strong support for enhancing the operational efficiency of urban waste transportation systems, reducing costs and carbon emissions, and holds significant theoretical and practical significance.