音乐训练对大学生任务转换能力的影响

The Influence of Music Training on College Students’ Task Switching Ability

摘要: 音乐训练被预测对个体的认知功能具有一定的调节作用。近年来，越来越多的研究者试图探索音乐训练对个体任务转换的影响，但研究结论间存在不一致性。本研究通过对比音乐训练组和非音乐训练组在外源性线索诱发任务转换上的行为表现来系统考察音乐训练对任务转换能力的影响。结果发现：(1) 刺激类型与被试类型的交互作用显著。在转换条件下，与非音乐训练组相比，音乐训练组的反应时更短；(2) 无论是音乐训练者还是非音乐训练者，转换任务条件下的反应时均比重复任务条件下的反应时更长，错误率更高，存在转换代价。研究结果表明音乐训练能够提升个体在外源线索诱发情境下的任务转换能力，与非音乐训练者相比，音乐训练者的转换代价更小。

Abstract: Music training is predicted to have a moderating effect on individual cognitive function. In recent years, more and more researchers have tried to explore the influence of music training on individual task switching, but there are inconsistencies in the research conclusions. This study systematically investigated the effect of music training on task-switching ability by comparing the performance of music training group and non-music training group on task-switching induced by exogenous cues. The results showed that: (1) The interaction between stimulus type and subject type was significant. Under the conversion condition, the response time of the music training group was shorter than that of the non-music training group; (2) Whether music trainers or non-music trainers, the reaction time under the condition of conversion task is longer than that under the condition of repeated task, the error rate is higher, and there is a conversion cost. The results show that music training can improve the task conversion ability of individuals in the context of exogenous cues, and the conversion cost of music trainers is smaller than that of non-music trainers.