工作记忆容量及影响因素——来自元分析的证据
Working Memory Capacity and Its Influence Factors—Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2025.159495, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 张靖宇, 陈 栩, 周李文渊：豫章师范学院学前教育学院，江西 南昌；高 超：潍坊学院教师教育学院，山东 潍坊；时明健*：中国人民解放军海军大连舰艇学院政治军官教育培训部，辽宁 大连
关键词: 工作记忆容量；工作记忆理论；元分析；调节效应；Working Memory Capacity； Working Memory Theory； Meta-Analysis； Moderate Effect
摘要: 工作记忆容量作为个体的基本心理功能，其具体表现会受到多种因素的影响。运用元分析方法考察个体工作记忆容量及其影响因素，通过系统检索多种数据库，最终搜集2000~2024年国内外工作记忆容量相关研究的专业文献100篇，总样本量29014。用CMA3.3.7与R4.4.1进行主效应分析与调节效应检验。研究结果表明：(1) 工作记忆容量的MEAN主效应量为0.780；(2) 认知负荷、子系统调节变量，文化背景不是调节变量。由此得出结论，认知负荷与工作记忆子系统会影响工作记忆容量，文化背景不会影响工作记忆容量。
Abstract: Working memory capacity is individual’s basic psychological function, and its performance is affected by many factors. Individual’s working memory capacity and its influence factors were investigated by using meta-analysis method. By systematically searching a variety of databases, 100 literatures about working memory capacity from domestic and overseas in 2000 to 2024 years old were collected, which sample size is 29014. The main effect and moderate effect were tested by CMA3.3.7 and R4.4.1 software. The results showed that: (1) the MEAN main effect size of individual’s working memory capacity was 0.780; (2) Cognitive load and subsystem were the moderate variables, culture background was not the moderate variable. It is concluded that cognitive load and working memory subsystem affect working memory capacity, while cultural background does not affect working memory capacity.
文章引用：张靖宇, 高超, 陈栩, 周李文渊, 时明健 (2025). 工作记忆容量及影响因素——来自元分析的证据. 心理学进展, 15(9), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.159495

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