劳动异化、精神分析与爱欲解放：马尔库塞社会批判理论的哲学内核

Labor Alienation, Psychoanalysis and the Liberation of Eros: The Philosophical Core of Marcuse’s Social Critical Theory

摘要: 劳动异化、精神分析与爱欲解放是马尔库塞社会批判理论的哲学内核。马尔库塞通过综合继承、创新阐释马克思劳动异化理论和弗洛伊德精神分析路线，为历史唯物主义奠定生物心理学基础，并将无意识学说赋予政治革命化色彩。马尔库塞的哲学探索力求突破现代资本主义“单向度”秩序桎梏，推动人的解放诉诸个体的自在自由，着重开展对发达工业社会的技术控制与消费主义批判，提出从压抑性文明演进为无压抑性文明的爱欲解放论。

Abstract: Labor alienation, psychoanalysis and liberation of Eros are the philosophical core of Marcuse’s social critical theory. Marcuse comprehensively inherited and innovatively explained Marx’s labor alienation theory and Freud’s psychoanalytic route, laid a Biopsychological foundation for historical materialism, and endowed the unconscious theory with the color of political revolution. Marcuse’s philosophical exploration strives to break through the shackles of the “one-dimensional” order of modern capitalism, promote the liberation of human beings to appeal to individual freedom, focus on the technology control and consumerism criticism of the developed industrial society, and put forward the theory of sexual liberation from repressive civilization to non-repressive civilization.