基于冷涡背景的风雹强对流天气统计特征分析

Analysis of Statistical Characteristics of Wind and Hail Severe Convective Weather Based on Cold Vortex Background

摘要: 作为引发我国北方地区风雹灾害的主要天气系统，冷涡集中发生于5~8月，为全面防控风雹灾害带来的影响，应当进一步分析处于冷涡背景下的风雹发生特征。本文基于此，调查2001~2020年的相关数据，结合强对流天气记录，系统分析了冷涡背景下风雹强对流天气的时间与空间分布特征，以河南省为例，发现风雹集中发生于东北–西南地带，多发于夏季，6月为风雹发生峰值段。根据这一研究旨在为风雹灾害预报提供理论参考。

Abstract: As the main weather system causing wind and hail disasters in northern China, cold vortices occur intensively from May to August. To comprehensively control the impact of wind and hail disasters, it is necessary to further analyze the occurrence characteristics of wind and hail under the background of cold vortices. Based on this, this paper investigates the relevant data from 2001 to 2020, combines the records of severe convective weather, and systematically analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of wind and hail under the background of cold vortices. Taking Henan Province as an example, it is found that wind and hail are concentrated in the northeast-southwest region, mostly occur in summer, and June is the peak period of hailstorms. This research aims to provide theoretical references for the prediction of wind and hail disasters.